Perrott C A, Hinder R A, Cassel R, Koornhof H J, Naude G, Kleinman M, Taubin A, Becker P, Myburgh J A
S Afr Med J. 1985 Sep 14;68(6):387-91.
In 97 patients undergoing elective biliary (44) or colorectal (53) surgery, cases were randomly allocated to receive peri-operative prophylaxis with either cefoxitin (Mefoxin; MSD) or metronidazole, penicillin and tobramycin (MPT). Sepsis occurred in 3 of the biliary cases (6,8%) and in 16 of the colorectal cases (30,2%). In the colorectal group sepsis occurred equally in patients receiving cefoxitin (22,2%) or MPT (38,5%) (P = 0,20). Patients who developed sepsis did not have a prolonged hospital stay; strict criteria were used to define sepsis in this study and this explains the apparently high sepsis rate. A positive wound culture at the end of the operation was more common after colorectal surgery (30,2%) than after biliary surgery (4,6%) and was associated with a higher subsequent infection rate (P = 0,02).
在97例接受择期胆道手术（44例）或结肠直肠手术（53例）的患者中，病例被随机分配接受围手术期预防用药，分别使用头孢西丁（美福仙；默克雪兰诺公司）或甲硝唑、青霉素和妥布霉素（MPT）。胆道手术病例中有3例（6.8%）发生脓毒症，结肠直肠手术病例中有16例（30.2%）发生脓毒症。在结肠直肠组中，接受头孢西丁治疗的患者（22.2%）和接受MPT治疗的患者（38.5%）发生脓毒症的比例相同（P = 0.20）。发生脓毒症的患者住院时间并未延长；本研究采用严格标准来定义脓毒症，这解释了脓毒症发生率明显较高的原因。术后伤口培养呈阳性在结肠直肠手术后（30.2%）比在胆道手术后（4.6%）更常见，且与随后更高的感染率相关（P = 0.02）。
