Koshy Sandra Susan, Rath Jyotisman, Kiani Amirkianoosh
Silicon Hall: Micro/Nano Manufacturing Facility, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G 0C5, Canada.
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, L1G 0C5, Canada.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 2;10(17):e37188. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37188. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
The escalating demand for green hydrogen (H) as a sustainable energy carrier has attracted intensive research into efficient water electrolysis methods. Promising candidates have emerged as binder-less metal electrodes, which enhance electrochemical performance and durability by reducing electron hindrance and avoiding binder degradation. Despite their potential, a comprehensive understanding of various binder-less fabrication techniques remains limited in the existing literature. As the main objective, this review paper aims to bridge this gap by providing an in-depth analysis of state-of-the-art fabrication methods for binder-less metal electrodes utilized in electrochemical water splitting. Recognizing the critical need for sustainable hydrogen production, the advantages of binder-less electrodes over conventional binder-based counterparts are elucidated, with emphasis placed on their role in promoting cost-effectiveness, improved stability, and enhanced catalytic activity. Techniques such as Hydrothermal/Solvothermal, Electrodeposition, Chemical/Vapor Deposition, and Laser-based fabrication are systematically examined, with their respective advantages, drawbacks, and comparison being highlighted. Drawing upon relevant examples from literature, insights on other aspects and recent trends are also provided, such as the performance of binder-less metal electrodes at industrial-scale current densities (0.1-1 A/cm) or their potential as photoactive catalysts. Additionally, future directions in the field of binder-less electrode fabrication and the exploration of innovative techniques are also discussed, ensuring that the trajectory of research aligns with the evolving demands of sustainable energy production. The "what's next" section highlights areas of further investigation and potential avenues for technological advancement.
对绿色氢(H₂)作为可持续能源载体的需求不断升级,引发了对高效水电解方法的深入研究。无粘结剂金属电极成为了有前景的候选者,它们通过减少电子阻碍和避免粘结剂降解来提高电化学性能和耐久性。尽管具有潜力,但现有文献对各种无粘结剂制造技术的全面理解仍然有限。作为主要目标,本综述论文旨在通过深入分析用于电化学水分解的无粘结剂金属电极的最新制造方法来弥合这一差距。认识到可持续制氢的迫切需求,阐明了无粘结剂电极相对于传统粘结剂基电极的优势,重点强调了它们在提高成本效益、改善稳定性和增强催化活性方面的作用。系统地研究了水热/溶剂热法、电沉积法、化学/气相沉积法和激光制造等技术,并突出了它们各自的优点、缺点及比较情况。借鉴文献中的相关实例,还提供了关于其他方面和最新趋势的见解,例如无粘结剂金属电极在工业规模电流密度(0.1 - 1 A/cm²)下的性能或它们作为光活性催化剂的潜力。此外,还讨论了无粘结剂电极制造领域的未来方向以及创新技术的探索,确保研究轨迹与可持续能源生产不断变化的需求相一致。“下一步”部分突出了进一步研究的领域和技术进步的潜在途径。
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