Zhang Yating, Tsai Chung-Han, Chung Chao-Chen
Qu Qiubai School of Government, Changzhou University, China.
Real Estate Information Research Center, Renmin University of China, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 5;10(17):e37471. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37471. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
China's central government has prioritized land system reforms in rural parts of the country in the past two decades. The transformation of property rights in lands was a significant step for China to pursue the sustainability of farms and permanent food security. The evolution of land system reforms in China involved constant interplay between stakeholders and policy content in terms of policy objectives and instruments, which exhibited various dynamics in different periods. This study adopted a content analysis method to systematically identify the active, passive, and supportive roles of all kinds of stakeholders as well as policy objectives and instruments in the transitional processes of land system reforms in China. We in sum collected 111 policy texts as samples and modeled the relationships of policy keywords. We found Peasants' Households and New Agricultural Business Entities were the most active stakeholders in different periods. Policy objectives are inclined to the stability of legal rights among stakeholders and the scale production of lands, while policy instruments intensively focused on legal regulations with little attention on financial instruments and human resources. We generated two further policy implications, the protection for the exploitation of lands and the involvement of actual operators, based on our findings.
在过去二十年里，中国中央政府将农村土地制度改革列为国家重点工作。土地产权变革是中国实现农业可持续发展和粮食安全的重要一步。中国土地制度改革的演进涉及利益相关者与政策内容在政策目标和手段方面的持续互动，在不同时期呈现出不同动态。本研究采用内容分析法，系统识别各类利益相关者以及政策目标和手段在中国土地制度改革过渡进程中的主动、被动和支持作用。我们总共收集了111份政策文本作为样本，并对政策关键词之间的关系进行建模。我们发现，农户和新型农业经营主体在不同时期是最活跃的利益相关者。政策目标倾向于利益相关者之间合法权利的稳定以及土地的规模化生产，而政策手段主要集中在法律法规方面，对金融手段和人力资源关注较少。基于研究结果，我们进一步提出了两项政策建议，即保护土地开发和让实际经营者参与进来。
