de Carvalho Deived Uilian, da Cruz Maria Aparecida, Vidal Thaís Cristina Morais, Colombo Ronan Carlos, Yada Inês Fumiko Ubukata, Neves Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro, Leite Junior Rui Pereira, Tazima Zuleide Hissano
Área de Proteção de Plantas, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná (IDR-Paraná), Londrina, Brazil.
Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 29;10(17):e36791. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36791. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
Evaluating citrus rootstocks is of paramount importance in determining their suitability for a certain region and promoting resilience in orchards by increasing the genetic pool, thereby potentially contributing to a more strategic establishment of new plantings. This long-term field study (2000-2013) aimed to evaluate different rootstocks for 'Swatow' mandarin grown at two locations (Paranavaí and Londrina) in the Brazilian subtropics. Nine rootstocks were evaluated, including 'Rangpur' lime, 'Swingle' citrumelo, 'Volkamer' lemon, 'Caipira DAC' sweet orange, 'Cleopatra' and 'Sunki' mandarins, 'Trifoliate' orange, 'Carrizo', and 'Fepagro C-13' citranges. Trees were assessed for vegetative growth, yield, fruit quality, density, and yield estimates. The experimental design was a randomized block arranged in a 9 × 2 setting (rootstock × location) with 6 replicates and 4 trees per plot. 'Swatow' trees grew more vigorously in Londrina than Paranavaí, particularly for 'Cleopatra' and 'Sunki' pairings. Tree vigor was reduced with 'Trifoliate', resulting in higher tree density estimates and yield efficiency. This rootstock, along with 'Rangpur', 'Swingle', and 'Carrizo' provided superior yield to the scion. All tested rootstocks conferred good fruit quality. Fruits were larger and heavier in 'Sunki' pairings, showing higher soluble solids (SS) content, along with 'Caipira DAC', 'Trifoliate', 'Swingle', and 'Carrizo' at both locations. Our findings confirm the suitability of 'Trifoliate' orange, 'Carrizo' citrange, or 'Caipira DAC' orange rootstocks as promising candidates for 'Swatow' mandarin cultivation in humid subtropical and analogous regions. Further investigations are invoked to improve the horticultural performance of 'Swatow' mandarin trees grafted onto these rootstocks.
评估柑橘砧木对于确定其是否适合特定地区以及通过增加基因库来提高果园的适应能力至关重要，从而有可能有助于更具战略性地建立新种植园。这项长期田间研究（2000 - 2013年）旨在评估在巴西亚热带地区的两个地点（巴拉那瓦伊和隆德里纳）种植的‘汕头’蜜柑的不同砧木。评估了九种砧木，包括‘兰普’酸橙、‘斯温格尔’枳柚、‘ Volkamer’柠檬、‘Caipira DAC’甜橙、‘埃及艳后’和‘桑吉’蜜柑、‘三叶’橙、‘卡里佐’枳橙和‘Fepagro C - 13’枳橙。对树木进行了营养生长、产量、果实品质、密度和产量估算方面的评估。试验设计为9×2设置（砧木×地点）的随机区组设计，每个小区有6次重复和4棵树。‘汕头’树在隆德里纳比在巴拉那瓦伊生长得更旺盛，特别是对于‘埃及艳后’和‘桑吉’的组合。‘三叶’砧木降低了树势，导致更高的树木密度估算和产量效率。这种砧木与‘兰普’、‘斯温格尔’和‘卡里佐’一起为接穗提供了更高的产量。所有测试的砧木都赋予了良好的果实品质。在两个地点，‘桑吉’组合的果实更大、更重，可溶性固形物（SS）含量更高，‘Caipira DAC’、‘三叶’、‘斯温格尔’和‘卡里佐’的果实也是如此。我们的研究结果证实，‘三叶’橙、‘卡里佐’枳橙或‘Caipira DAC’橙砧木适合在湿润亚热带及类似地区作为‘汕头’蜜柑栽培的有前景的候选砧木。需要进一步研究以改善嫁接在这些砧木上的‘汕头’蜜柑树的园艺性能。
