Munuo Gloria D, Masika Golden Mwakibo
Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Dodoma.
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare.
East Afr Health Res J. 2024;8(2):271-279. doi: 10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.790. Epub 2024 Jun 26.
Undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice have a higher risk of hepatitis B infection. The prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis B vaccination (HBV vaccine) uptake among nursing students remained unknown. This study examined the prevalence and factors associated with HBV vaccination among clinical nursing students.
A sample of 229 undergraduate nursing students was enrolled in an analytical cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic data, status of vaccination, and beliefs about HBV infection and vaccination using domains of the health belief model (HBM) were collected in a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the participants' characteristics and prevalence of HBV vaccination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between sociodemographic factors and domains of the HBM model and HBV vaccination uptake.
The prevalence of vaccination uptake was 25.8%. Sociodemographic factors associated with uptake of the HBV vaccine included being female (P =.031), being a final-year student (), and having knowledge of HBV (). As for HBM, two domains, perceived benefit [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.86; ] and self-efficacy (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI, 1.12 to 3.11; ), were significantly associated with HBV vaccine uptake.
HBV vaccination uptake among undergraduate clinical nursing students was low. Clinical experience, knowledge, perceived benefit, and self-efficacy were positively associated with HBV vaccine uptake. Interventions to improve these domains among BSc Nursing students should be promoted to improve vaccination uptake.
本科护理专业学生在临床实习中感染乙型肝炎的风险较高。护理专业学生中乙型肝炎疫苗接种率及其相关因素尚不清楚。本研究调查了临床护理专业学生乙型肝炎疫苗接种率及其相关因素。
选取229名本科护理专业学生作为分析性横断面研究的样本。通过面对面问卷调查收集社会人口学数据、疫苗接种状况以及使用健康信念模型（HBM）各领域对乙型肝炎感染和疫苗接种的认知。采用描述性统计方法总结参与者的特征和乙型肝炎疫苗接种率。采用多因素logistic回归分析来研究社会人口学因素、HBM模型各领域与乙型肝炎疫苗接种之间的关联。
疫苗接种率为25.8%。与乙型肝炎疫苗接种相关的社会人口学因素包括女性（P = 0.031）、四年级学生（）以及了解乙型肝炎（）。就HBM而言，两个领域，即感知收益[调整优势比（AOR）= 1.40；95%置信区间，1.05至1.86；]和自我效能感（AOR = 1.87，95%置信区间，1.12至3.11；）与乙型肝炎疫苗接种显著相关。
本科临床护理专业学生的乙型肝炎疫苗接种率较低。临床经验、知识、感知收益和自我效能感与乙型肝炎疫苗接种呈正相关。应推动采取干预措施改善护理专业本科学生在这些领域的情况，以提高疫苗接种率。
