Basnet Susma, Balu Venkatesan, Kamei Sonia, Devi Yumnam Sushma, Sapkota Pratima
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Padmashree Institute of Nursing, Kengeri, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, GITAM Institute of Nursing, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Jul 11;13:214. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1230_23. eCollection 2024.
India is one of the world's developing countries, and its population is ageing, that is, increasing, which increases the demand for health care. Ageing is a natural process. Quality of life (QoL) and self-efficacy are two of the most important factors in human development. This is a study to assess the effectiveness of selected interventions on QoL and self-efficacy among elderly.
A community-based survey was used to select samples in a rural community. Data were collected between March 25 and April 23, 2022 using a quasi-experimental, one-group pre- and post-test research design. This survey was conducted among the elderly, of whom 60 were selected using simple random sampling techniques. Selected interventions were administered. The WHOQOL BREF (standardized tool) and GSE scales were used to assess the QoL and self-efficacy among the elderly.
The study findings revealed that at the baseline level of QoL and self-efficacy, none of the subjects had good QoL and high self-efficacy, whereas after implementation of the selected interventions, the majority of the elderly had average QoL (98.3%) and 81.7% had high self-efficacy. The baseline mean score for QoL was 48.3% and that for self-efficacy was 61.3%, with post-test scores of 65.8% and 80.7%, respectively, and there was a statistical difference at < 0.001.
The study findings evidenced that selected interventions (education, reminiscence therapy, and demonstration of exercise) were effective in improving the QoL and self-efficacy among the elderly. Aged populations need to maintain their active, healthy, and happy living. Studies recommend these interventions are beneficial for elderly populations.
印度是世界上的发展中国家之一，其人口正在老龄化，即不断增加，这增加了医疗保健需求。老龄化是一个自然过程。生活质量（QoL）和自我效能感是人类发展中两个最重要的因素。这是一项评估特定干预措施对老年人生活质量和自我效能感有效性的研究。
采用基于社区的调查在一个农村社区选取样本。于2022年3月25日至4月23日期间，使用准实验性单组前后测研究设计收集数据。该调查在老年人中进行，其中60人采用简单随机抽样技术选取。实施选定的干预措施。使用世界卫生组织生活质量简表（标准化工具）和一般自我效能量表评估老年人的生活质量和自我效能感。
研究结果显示，在生活质量和自我效能感的基线水平上，没有受试者具有良好的生活质量和高自我效能感，而在实施选定的干预措施后，大多数老年人具有中等生活质量（98.3%），81.7%具有高自我效能感。生活质量的基线平均得分是48.3%，自我效能感的基线平均得分是61.3%，后测得分分别为65.8%和80.7%，且在<0.001水平存在统计学差异。
研究结果证明，选定的干预措施（教育、回忆疗法和运动示范）在改善老年人的生活质量和自我效能感方面是有效的。老年人群需要保持积极、健康和快乐的生活。研究表明这些干预措施对老年人群有益。
