Asadian Ali, Zakeri Abdoljabbar, Dadras Masoud, Mahdavi Sheila
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Department of Social Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Deputy of Health in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Jul 11;13:219. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_514_23. eCollection 2024.
In recent years, with the identification of the mosquito as a vector of dengue fever (DF) in Hormozgan province, this southern province was recognized nationwide at a great risk of DF. The present study was conducted on the mosquito prevention and DF knowledge in this province.
An online survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire for 1 month in 2022. The sampling method was snowball. A total number of 4,004 questionnaires were completed online by the residents of Hormozgan province. Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and statistical software SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) version 22.
The level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior concerning the self-care behavior of mosquito bites was as follows. Most participants were knowledgeable and correctly answered the questions related to the preventive ways of mosquito bites. The average rate of correct answers was 94.5%. They also mostly held a positive attitude. Regarding the attitude items, most participants (more than 85%) strongly agreed and agreed with the statements. Regarding the behavioral items, most participants (70.4%) stated they showed the aforementioned preventive behaviors to impede mosquito bites. As for the state of participants' knowledge of how the DF is transmitted, overall, in the nine examined items, on average, 40.6% answered "I do not know" and "false".
As the education level of the participants showed, they did not know adequately about the DF. Judging the state of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the less privileged and less educated social classes in Hormozgan province requires further investigation of the public living in this province after some time passes since the implementation of educational and preventive interventions. It is also necessary to enrich population-based educational interventions aiming to improve knowledge and preventive behaviors of the DF and mosquito.
近年来，随着在霍尔木兹甘省确认蚊子为登革热（DF）的传播媒介，这个南部省份在全国范围内被认为面临着很高的登革热风险。本研究针对该省的防蚊措施及登革热知识展开。
2022年通过自填式问卷进行了为期1个月的在线调查。抽样方法为滚雪球抽样。霍尔木兹甘省居民共在线完成了4004份问卷。最后，使用描述性统计、统计检验以及统计软件SPSS（社会科学统计软件包）22版对数据进行分析。
关于蚊虫叮咬自我护理行为的知识、态度和行为水平如下。大多数参与者知识丰富，能正确回答与蚊虫叮咬预防方法相关的问题。正确答案的平均比例为94.5%。他们大多也持有积极态度。在态度项目方面，大多数参与者（超过85%）强烈同意或同意这些陈述。在行为项目方面，大多数参与者（70.4%）表示他们采取了上述预防行为以防止蚊虫叮咬。至于参与者对登革热传播方式的了解情况，总体而言，在九个被调查项目中，平均有40.6%的人回答“我不知道”或答错。
正如参与者的教育水平所显示的，他们对登革热了解不足。判断霍尔木兹甘省弱势群体和受教育程度较低的社会阶层的知识、态度和行为状况，需要在实施教育和预防干预措施一段时间后，对该省的公众进行进一步调查。还需要丰富以人群为基础的教育干预措施，以提高对登革热和蚊虫的认识及预防行为。
