Liu Xinyi, Cui Lijuan, Yang Ying
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Institute of Brain and Education Innovation, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
J Youth Adolesc. 2025 Mar;54(3):665-681. doi: 10.1007/s10964-024-02087-3. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Abundant evidence highlights the psychological and interpersonal benefits of self-compassion during adolescence, yet the developmental trajectory and influencing factors during this period remain relatively unexplored. This study investigated the developmental trajectory of self-compassion and illustrated the longitudinal relationship between parenting styles and self-compassion using latent growth curve models (LGCM), cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) and random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) in a sample of Chinese youth (N = 871; M = 15.21, SD = 0.73; 45.4% girls) across two years. Results demonstrated an increase developmental trend of self-compassion over two years. The parallel process LGCMs suggested that changes in parental autonomy support was positively related to the changes in self-compassion, whereas the relationship between parental psychological control and self-compassion was significant only at initial levels. CLPM consistently supported a bidirectional relationship between parental autonomy support and self-compassion in Chinese youth at between-person level. Although within-person changes in the study variables were not significant in a bidirectional manner based on the results of RI-CLPMs, changes in parental autonomy support/parental psychological control and self-compassion were concurrently associated. These results suggested that besides stable connections between parenting styles and adolescents' self-compassion, changes in parenting styles and self-compassion are developmentally linked as well. Overall, this study underscores the potentially beneficial impact of parental autonomy support on adolescent self-compassion and reveals nuanced effects of parental psychological control within the Chinese cultural context.
大量证据凸显了青春期自我同情在心理和人际关系方面的益处，但这一时期的发展轨迹及影响因素仍有待进一步探索。本研究通过潜在增长曲线模型（LGCM）、交叉滞后面板模型（CLPM）和随机截距交叉滞后面板模型（RI-CLPM），对871名中国青少年（N = 871；平均年龄M = 15.21，标准差SD = 0.73；45.4%为女生）在两年间的自我同情发展轨迹进行了调查，并阐述了父母教养方式与自我同情之间的纵向关系。结果显示，在两年间自我同情呈上升趋势。平行过程LGCM模型表明，父母自主性支持的变化与自我同情的变化呈正相关，而父母心理控制与自我同情之间的关系仅在初始阶段显著。CLPM模型在个体间层面持续支持了中国青少年父母自主性支持与自我同情之间的双向关系。尽管基于RI-CLPM模型的结果，研究变量在个体内的变化并非双向显著，但父母自主性支持/父母心理控制的变化与自我同情的变化同时相关。这些结果表明，除了父母教养方式与青少年自我同情之间的稳定联系外，父母教养方式和自我同情的变化在发展上也是相互关联的。总体而言，本研究强调了父母自主性支持对青少年自我同情的潜在有益影响，并揭示了在中国文化背景下父母心理控制的细微影响。
