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通过基于奖惩策略的调度功能来监控和增强物联网网络的协作。

Monitoring and enhancing the co-operation of IoT network rhrough scheduling function based punishment reward strategy.

机构信息

Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, P. R. China.

Kean University, Union, NJ, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2024 Sep 19;19(9):e0309123. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309123. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0309123
PMID:39298460
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11412530/
Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the connectivity of physical devices, leading to an exponential increase in multimedia wireless traffic and creating substantial demand for radio spectrum. Given the inherent scarcity of available spectrum, Cognitive Radio (CR)-assisted IoT emerges as a promising solution to optimize spectrum utilization through cooperation between cognitive and IoT nodes. Unlicensed IoT nodes can opportunistically access licensed spectrum bands without causing interference to licensed users. However, energy constraints may lead to reduced cooperation from IoT nodes during the search for vacant channels, as they aim to conserve battery life. To address this issue, we propose a Punishment-reward-based Cooperative Sensing and Data Forwarding (PR-CSDF) approach for IoT data transmission. Our method involves two key steps: (1) distributing sensing tasks among IoT nodes and (2) enhancing cooperation through a reward and punishment strategy. Evaluation results demonstrate that both secondary users (SUs) and IoT nodes achieve significant utility gains with the proposed mechanism, providing strong incentives for cooperative behaviour.

摘要

物联网 (IoT) 彻底改变了物理设备的连接方式，导致多媒体无线流量呈指数级增长，并对无线电频谱产生了巨大的需求。鉴于可用频谱的固有稀缺性，认知无线电 (CR) 辅助物联网成为通过认知和物联网节点之间的合作来优化频谱利用的一种有前途的解决方案。未经许可的物联网节点可以机会主义地访问许可频谱带，而不会对许可用户造成干扰。然而，能量约束可能导致物联网节点在搜索空闲信道时减少合作，因为它们旨在节省电池寿命。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种基于奖惩的合作感知和数据转发 (PR-CSDF) 方法，用于物联网数据传输。我们的方法包括两个关键步骤：(1) 在物联网节点之间分配感知任务，(2) 通过奖励和惩罚策略增强合作。评估结果表明，所提出的机制使次要用户 (SU) 和物联网节点都获得了显著的效用增益，为合作行为提供了强大的激励。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/0e63a5f37537/pone.0309123.g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/5f7568d5ea3c/pone.0309123.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/7d59a3516f0c/pone.0309123.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/fa6e336f1f46/pone.0309123.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/72526ee06cf9/pone.0309123.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/c6ed688a51a3/pone.0309123.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/d3be02933646/pone.0309123.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/2b7b0b594cdb/pone.0309123.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/18f4085973a1/pone.0309123.g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/80fda69b6856/pone.0309123.g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/0e63a5f37537/pone.0309123.g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/5f7568d5ea3c/pone.0309123.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/7d59a3516f0c/pone.0309123.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/fa6e336f1f46/pone.0309123.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/72526ee06cf9/pone.0309123.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/c6ed688a51a3/pone.0309123.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/d3be02933646/pone.0309123.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/2b7b0b594cdb/pone.0309123.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/18f4085973a1/pone.0309123.g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/80fda69b6856/pone.0309123.g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5cec/11412530/0e63a5f37537/pone.0309123.g010.jpg

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