Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America; VA Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention, Canandaigua, NY, United States of America.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Jan 1;368:439-447. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.119. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
Although suicide is complex and heterogeneous, most suicide theories assume that suicidal urges occur primarily in the context of extreme emotional distress. Newer models of suicide based on complex systems theory propose greater heterogeneity in suicidal experiences across individuals and groups, such that some, but not all, suicidal thoughts, urges, and behaviors are associated with extreme negative affect. The present study investigated individual differences in affective states experienced during suicidal urges among 138 adults recruited from the community; 81 (59.1 %) owned handguns and 57 (41.6 %) did not. Participants self-reported their current affect and urge to kill themselves 6 times per day for 28 consecutive days via ecological momentary assessment. Positive and negative affect ratings varied significantly during suicidal urges. The association of positive and negative affect with suicidal urges significantly varied within and between handgun owners and non-owners. Results suggest suicidal urges are characterized by high affective heterogeneity.
尽管自杀是复杂且异质的，但大多数自杀理论都假设自杀冲动主要发生在极度情绪困扰的背景下。基于复杂系统理论的新自杀模型提出，个体和群体之间的自杀体验存在更大的异质性，因此并非所有的自杀想法、冲动和行为都与极度负面情绪有关。本研究通过生态瞬时评估，在社区招募的 138 名成年人中调查了自杀冲动期间经历的情绪差异；其中 81 人（59.1%）拥有手枪，57 人（41.6%）没有。参与者在 28 天内每天自我报告 6 次当前的情绪和自杀冲动。在自杀冲动期间，积极和消极情绪的评分有显著差异。在手枪拥有者和非拥有者内部和之间，积极和消极情绪与自杀冲动的关联存在显著差异。结果表明，自杀冲动的特点是高度的情感异质性。
