Albaijan Refal, Vohra Fahim, Alnassar Talal M, Robaian Ali, Alnafaiy Sarah M, Murayshed Mohammed S, Alnasser Abdullah H, Alshehri Abdullah, Gufran Khalid
Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2024 Dec;26(6):1303-1312. doi: 10.1111/cid.13390. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
The objective of this study was to assess the surface micro-roughness and abutment adaptation of selective laser melting (SLM) implant abutments in comparison to cast and machined implant abutments.
Forty abutment specimens were divided equally into four groups according to the fabrication technique as follows (n = 10), Machined Ti alloy abutments (Control), Cast CoCr abutments, SLM-CoCr abutments, and SLM-Ti alloy abutments. Forty internal connection implants (Ø 4.0 ×10 mm, Superline™, Dentium Co., Seoul, Korea) were mounted in clear acrylic resin. Fabricated abutments were assessed for surface micro-roughness using a 3D optical noncontact surface microscope. Vertical and horizontal adaptation of the abutment with implant interface was assessed by using Bruker micro-CT. Data was assessed using analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc comparison tests for all the variables except vertical misfit was assessed using Kruskal-Wallis test. Pearson correlation was used to assess dependence between independent variable (surface roughness) and dependent variables (Horizontal misfit and vertical misfit).
SLM-Ti abutments showed significantly rougher surface (p < 0.05) among the study groups. While SLM-CoCr abutments were smoother than Cast abutments with mean Ra of 1.30 ± 0.11 and 1.58 ± 0.17 μm, respectively (p < 0.05). For abutment adaptation, SLM-Ti abutments showed the highest horizontal misfit among the groups (p < 0.05). While, SLM-CoCr abutments (29.24 ± 11.11 μm) showed comparable (p > 0.05) horizontal misfit results with Cast (26.08 ± 3.93 μm) and machined (26.45 ± 7.33 μm) abutments. Comparable (p > 0.05) vertical misfit values between Cast CoCr (487.01 ± 40.34 μm), SLM-CoCr (358.38 ± 114.93 μm) and SLM-Ti (299.85 ± 172.88 μm) abutments were observed. A positive correlation was found between the surface roughness of the mating surfaces and abutment adaptation.
SLM CoCr abutments exhibited low roughness and comparable abutment adaptation (vertically and horizontally) than cast (control) abutments. Therefore, SLM CoCr abutments should be clinically investigated as potential implant abutments for clinical use.
本研究的目的是评估选择性激光熔化（SLM）种植体基台与铸造和加工种植体基台相比的表面微观粗糙度和基台适配性。
40个基台样本根据制造技术平均分为四组（n = 10），分别为加工钛合金基台（对照组）、铸造钴铬基台、SLM钴铬基台和SLM钛合金基台。40个内连接种植体（Ø 4.0×10 mm，Superline™，韩国首尔登腾公司）被安装在透明丙烯酸树脂中。使用三维光学非接触表面显微镜评估制造的基台的表面微观粗糙度。使用布鲁克微型计算机断层扫描评估基台与种植体界面的垂直和水平适配性。除垂直不匹配外，所有变量的数据均使用方差分析和Tukey事后比较检验进行评估，垂直不匹配使用Kruskal-Wallis检验进行评估。使用Pearson相关性评估自变量（表面粗糙度）和因变量（水平不匹配和垂直不匹配）之间的依赖性。
在研究组中，SLM钛合金基台的表面明显更粗糙（p < 0.05）。虽然SLM钴铬基台比铸造基台更光滑，平均粗糙度Ra分别为1.30±0.11和1.58±0.17μm（p < 0.05）。对于基台适配性，SLM钛合金基台在各组中表现出最高水平的不匹配（p < 0.05）。而SLM钴铬基台（29.24±11.11μm）与铸造基台（26.08±3.93μm）和加工基台（26.45±7.33μm）的水平不匹配结果相当（p > 0.05）。观察到铸造钴铬基台（487.01±40.34μm）、SLM钴铬基台（358.38±114.93μm）和SLM钛合金基台（299.85±172.88μm）之间的垂直不匹配值相当（p > 0.05）。在匹配表面的表面粗糙度和基台适配性之间发现了正相关。
SLM钴铬基台表现出低粗糙度，并且在垂直和水平方面的基台适配性与铸造（对照）基台相当。因此，SLM钴铬基台应作为临床使用的潜在种植体基台进行临床研究。
