Monchy Noémie, Modolo Julien, Houvenaghel Jean-François, Voytek Bradley, Duprez Joan
LTSI-U1099, University of Rennes, Rennes F-35000, France.
Department of Neurology, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes 35033, France.
Brain Commun. 2024 Sep 7;6(5):fcae306. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae306. eCollection 2024.
Cognitive symptoms in Parkinson's disease are common and can significantly affect patients' quality of life. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need to identify a signature derived from behavioural and/or neuroimaging indicators that could predict which patients are at increased risk for early and rapid cognitive decline. Recently, converging evidence identified that aperiodic activity of the EEG reflects meaningful physiological information associated with age, development, cognitive and perceptual states or pathologies. In this study, we aimed to investigate aperiodic activity in Parkinson's disease during cognitive control and characterize its possible association with behaviour. Here, we recorded high-density EEG in 30 healthy controls and 30 Parkinson's disease patients during a Simon task. We analysed task-related behavioural data in the context of the activation-suppression model and extracted aperiodic parameters (offset, exponent) at both scalp and source levels. Our results showed lower behavioural performances in cognitive control as well as higher offsets in patients in the parieto-occipital areas, suggesting increased excitability in Parkinson's disease. A small congruence effect on aperiodic parameters in pre- and post-central brain areas was also found, possibly associated with task execution. Significant differences in aperiodic parameters between the resting-state, pre- and post-stimulus phases were seen across the whole brain, which confirmed that the observed changes in aperiodic activity are linked to task execution. No correlation was found between aperiodic activity and behaviour or clinical features. Our findings provide evidence that EEG aperiodic activity in Parkinson's disease is characterized by greater offsets, and that aperiodic parameters differ depending on arousal state. However, our results do not support the hypothesis that the behaviour-related differences observed in Parkinson's disease are related to aperiodic changes. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering aperiodic activity contributions in brain disorders and further investigating the relationship between aperiodic activity and behaviour.
帕金森病中的认知症状很常见，会显著影响患者的生活质量。因此，临床迫切需要确定一种源自行为和/或神经影像指标的特征，以预测哪些患者早期快速认知衰退的风险增加。最近，越来越多的证据表明，脑电图的非周期性活动反映了与年龄、发育、认知和感知状态或病理相关的有意义的生理信息。在本研究中，我们旨在研究帕金森病患者在认知控制过程中的非周期性活动，并描述其与行为的可能关联。在此，我们在30名健康对照者和30名帕金森病患者执行西蒙任务期间记录了高密度脑电图。我们在激活-抑制模型的背景下分析了与任务相关的行为数据，并在头皮和源水平提取了非周期性参数（偏移、指数）。我们的结果显示，帕金森病患者在认知控制方面的行为表现较低，顶枕区的偏移较高，表明帕金森病患者的兴奋性增加。在中央前回和中央后回脑区的非周期性参数上也发现了较小的一致性效应，这可能与任务执行有关。在静息状态、刺激前和刺激后阶段，全脑的非周期性参数存在显著差异，这证实了观察到的非周期性活动变化与任务执行有关。未发现非周期性活动与行为或临床特征之间存在相关性。我们的研究结果表明，帕金森病患者的脑电图非周期性活动具有更大的偏移特征，并且非周期性参数因觉醒状态而异。然而，我们的结果不支持帕金森病中观察到的行为相关差异与非周期性变化有关的假设。总体而言，本研究强调了考虑非周期性活动在脑部疾病中的作用以及进一步研究非周期性活动与行为之间关系的重要性。
