Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Nutrition. 2024 Dec;128:112563. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112563. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Overnutrition, a leading cause of global mortality, has seen a significant rise in low- and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa. Despite emerging evidence linking overnutrition to non-communicable diseases, limited action has been taken to address this issue. While undernutrition studies have received more attention, research on overnutrition and women's health remains scarce in sub-Saharan Africa. Our study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of overnutrition among reproductive women in this region METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of 2019-2023 Demographic and Health Survey datasets in sub-Saharan Africa. Our study included a weighted sample of 65,161 women aged 15-49 y. Using a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model, we identified factors associated with overnutrition. The adjusted odds ratio, along with a 95% confidence interval and a significance level of p < 0.05, determined the statistical significance of the explanatory variables.
The pooled prevalence of overnutrition among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa was 34.79% (95% CI: 34.42-35.16). Specifically, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 21.81% and 12.99%, respectively. Women's educational status, age, media use, household wealth, urbanization, community poverty, and country income level were significantly associated with higher odds of overnutrition.
The prevalence of overnutrition among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa is relatively high. Key factors associated with this issue include women's educational status, age, media utilization, household wealth, place of residence, community poverty level, and national income status. These multilevel determinants highlight the need for a comprehensive, evidence-based approach to address overnutrition in this population. Effective strategies should target individual behaviors while considering broader social, economic, and environmental contexts. Integrating overnutrition prevention into maternal and reproductive health services, as well as strengthening social protection measures, are recommended steps to tackle this growing challenge in sub-Saharan Africa.
营养过剩是导致全球死亡率上升的主要原因之一，在包括撒哈拉以南非洲在内的低收入和中等收入国家，这一问题的发生率显著上升。尽管有新的证据表明营养过剩与非传染性疾病有关，但针对这一问题的行动却很少。虽然人们对营养不良的研究给予了更多关注，但在撒哈拉以南非洲，关于营养过剩与妇女健康的研究仍然很少。本研究旨在评估该地区生育期妇女营养过剩的流行情况及其相关因素。
我们对撒哈拉以南非洲地区 2019-2023 年人口与健康调查数据集进行了二次分析。我们的研究包括了一个年龄在 15-49 岁的、加权的 65161 名妇女样本。我们使用多水平混合效应逻辑回归模型，确定了与营养过剩相关的因素。调整后的优势比（odds ratio，OR）及其 95%置信区间（95% confidence interval，CI）和 p 值<0.05 的显著性水平，确定了解释变量的统计学意义。
撒哈拉以南非洲地区生育期妇女营养过剩的总患病率为 34.79%（95%CI：34.42-35.16）。具体而言，超重和肥胖的患病率分别为 21.81%和 12.99%。妇女的教育程度、年龄、媒体使用、家庭财富、城市化、社区贫困和国家收入水平与营养过剩的高风险显著相关。
撒哈拉以南非洲地区生育期妇女营养过剩的患病率相对较高。与这一问题相关的主要因素包括妇女的教育程度、年龄、媒体使用、家庭财富、居住地、社区贫困水平和国家收入状况。这些多层次的决定因素强调需要采取一种全面的、基于证据的方法来解决该人群的营养过剩问题。有效的策略应针对个人行为，同时考虑更广泛的社会、经济和环境背景。将营养过剩预防纳入母婴健康服务，并加强社会保护措施，是解决撒哈拉以南非洲这一日益严重挑战的建议步骤。
