Department of Digitalization, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Nat Hum Behav. 2024 Sep;8(9):1643-1655. doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-01959-9. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
Collective intelligence underpins the success of groups, organizations, markets and societies. Through distributed cognition and coordination, collectives can achieve outcomes that exceed the capabilities of individuals-even experts-resulting in improved accuracy and novel capabilities. Often, collective intelligence is supported by information technology, such as online prediction markets that elicit the 'wisdom of crowds', online forums that structure collective deliberation or digital platforms that crowdsource knowledge from the public. Large language models, however, are transforming how information is aggregated, accessed and transmitted online. Here we focus on the unique opportunities and challenges this transformation poses for collective intelligence. We bring together interdisciplinary perspectives from industry and academia to identify potential benefits, risks, policy-relevant considerations and open research questions, culminating in a call for a closer examination of how large language models affect humans' ability to collectively tackle complex problems.
集体智慧是群体、组织、市场和社会成功的基础。通过分布式认知和协调，集体可以实现超出个人甚至专家能力的成果，从而提高准确性并创造新的能力。通常，集体智慧得到信息技术的支持，例如在线预测市场可以引出“群体智慧”，在线论坛可以构建集体讨论结构，或者数字平台可以从公众那里众包知识。然而，大型语言模型正在改变信息在线聚合、访问和传输的方式。在这里，我们关注的是这种转变为集体智慧带来的独特机遇和挑战。我们汇集了来自工业界和学术界的跨学科观点，以确定潜在的利益、风险、与政策相关的考虑因素和开放的研究问题，最终呼吁更仔细地研究大型语言模型如何影响人类集体解决复杂问题的能力。
