Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Social Determinants Health Research Center and Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 20;24(1):2573. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20051-5.
Students are among the groups that use smartphones for long periods throughout the day and night. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone characteristics and the prevalence of hand discomfort among university students.
This study included 204 university students, selected based on their willingness to participate and inclusion criteria. Participants reported hand pain and discomfort by completing the Cornell Hand Discomfort Questionnaire (CHDQ). Personal information was collected through a demographic questionnaire. Smartphone characteristics were obtained from the Internet based on the smartphone model self-reported by students.
According to the Cornell questionnaire, 59.3% of students reported experiencing discomfort in their right hand, while 38.2% reported discomfort in their left hand due to smartphone use. Furthermore, 36.3% of students reported experiencing pain in two or more regions on their right hand, while 20.1% reported pain in two or more areas on their left hand. More than half of the students in the right hand (53.5%) and more than one-third (33.3%) in the left hand obtained pain scores of more than 1.5. The chi-square test indicated a statistically significant relationship between the weight of the smartphone and the prevalence of discomfort in the right hand (χ = 4.80, p = 0.03). Furthermore, a statistically significant relationship was found between the discomfort or pain scores experienced in both hands and the number of painful areas in those hands (right hand: χ = 219.04, p = 0.00; left hand: χ = 213.13, p = 0.00).
Smartphone use can cause discomfort and pain in the hands of university students. The physical characteristics of the smartphone, such as its weight, play a significant role in contributing to right-hand-related pain among students. It is important to consider ergonomic factors in smartphone design and usage to reduce musculoskeletal problems among users, especially students.
学生是整日整夜长时间使用智能手机的群体之一。因此，本研究旨在探讨智能手机特征与大学生手部不适患病率之间的关系。
本研究纳入了 204 名大学生，他们是根据参与意愿和纳入标准选择的。参与者通过填写康奈尔手部不适问卷（CHDQ）报告手部疼痛和不适。通过人口统计学问卷收集个人信息。根据学生报告的智能手机型号，从互联网上获取智能手机特征。
根据康奈尔问卷，59.3%的学生报告因使用智能手机而感到右手不适，38.2%报告因使用智能手机而感到左手不适。此外，36.3%的学生报告右手有两个或两个以上部位疼痛，20.1%报告左手有两个或两个以上部位疼痛。右手有一半以上（53.5%）和左手有三分之一以上（33.3%）的学生疼痛评分超过 1.5。卡方检验表明智能手机重量与右手不适患病率之间存在统计学显著关系（χ²=4.80，p=0.03）。此外，双手的不适或疼痛评分以及双手疼痛部位的数量之间也存在统计学显著关系（右手：χ²=219.04，p=0.00；左手：χ²=213.13，p=0.00）。
智能手机的使用可能导致大学生手部不适和疼痛。智能手机的物理特征，如重量，对学生右手相关疼痛的发生有重要影响。在智能手机设计和使用中考虑人体工程学因素对于减少用户（尤其是学生）的肌肉骨骼问题非常重要。
