Lorestani Tayebeh, Maleki-Ghahfarokhi Azam, Khodakarim Soheila, Saremi Mahnaz
School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Work. 2025 Jan;80(1):285-294. doi: 10.3233/WOR-220669. Epub 2025 Mar 18.
Due to the emergence of smartphone addiction, as a 21th century phenomenon, investigating its subsequent negative effects is essential.
The present study aims to test the predicting effect of smartphone addiction on musculoskeletal discomfort in hand/neck region as well as cognitive failures.
A cross-sectional study was designed in which 533 smartphone users (60.2% females and 39.8% males; mean age: 35.9±11.0 years) participated. Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Cognitive Failures Questionnaires (CFQ), Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Cornell Hand Discomfort Questionnaire (CHDQ) were used for data collection. Age, gender and occupational use of electronic devices were considered as socio-demographic factors. Independent -test, chi-square, and logistic regression were used for data analysis.
The overall prevalence of smartphone addiction was 37.9% among Iranian 20-61 years users. Addicted smartphone users were 3.3, 2.2, 2.9, and 2.8 times more likely to develop musculoskeletal discomfort in right hand, left hand, neck, and cognitive failures than non-addicted smartphone users. High occupational use of electronic devices predicted right-hand discomfort (by 2.6 times) as well as cognitive failures (by 3.4 times). Women were significantly more likely to develop all the studied outcomes. Age did not predict any of the studied outcomes.
Addiction to smartphones can lead to a sharp rise in the prevalence of neck and hand discomfort, as well as cognitive failures, particularly among working age people. This is concerning issue that requires effective preventive and corrective measures. Developing behavioral approaches to address this problem can help reduce its impact on society.
智能手机成瘾作为一种21世纪的现象出现，研究其后续负面影响至关重要。
本研究旨在测试智能手机成瘾对手部/颈部肌肉骨骼不适以及认知失误的预测作用。
设计了一项横断面研究，533名智能手机用户（女性占60.2%，男性占39.8%；平均年龄：35.9±11.0岁）参与其中。使用智能手机成瘾量表（SAS）、认知失误问卷（CFQ）、颈部功能障碍指数（NDI）和康奈尔手部不适问卷（CHDQ）收集数据。年龄、性别和电子设备的职业使用情况被视为社会人口学因素。采用独立样本t检验、卡方检验和逻辑回归进行数据分析。
在20 - 61岁的伊朗智能手机用户中，智能手机成瘾的总体患病率为37.9%。与未成瘾的智能手机用户相比，成瘾的智能手机用户出现右手、左手、颈部肌肉骨骼不适以及认知失误的可能性分别高出3.3倍、2.2倍、2.9倍和2.8倍。电子设备的高职业使用预测了右手不适（高出2.6倍）以及认知失误（高出3.4倍）。女性出现所有研究结果的可能性显著更高。年龄未预测任何研究结果。
智能手机成瘾会导致颈部和手部不适以及认知失误的患病率急剧上升，尤其是在工作年龄人群中。这是一个需要有效预防和纠正措施的令人担忧的问题。制定解决这一问题的行为方法有助于减少其对社会的影响。
