Bonner Institut für Organismische Biologie (BIOB) Dept. Biodiversity of Plants, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelmsuniversität Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany.
Am J Bot. 2024 Oct;111(10):e16408. doi: 10.1002/ajb2.16408. Epub 2024 Sep 20.
Plants generate a wide array of signals such as olfactory cues to attract and manipulate the response of pollinators. The present study addresses the temporal patterns of scent emission as an additional dimension to the scent composition. The expectation is that divergent floral function is reflected in divergent qualitative and temporal emission patterns.
We used GC-ion mobility spectrometry with an integrated pre-concentration for automated acquisition of the temporal trends in floral volatile emissions for N. viridiflorus, N. papyraceus, and N. cantabricus subsp. foliosus.
We found a considerable increase in scent emissions and changes in scent composition for N. viridiflorus at night. This increase was particularly pronounced for aromatic substances such as benzyl acetate and p-cresol. We found no diurnal patterns in N. papyraceus, despite a similar qualitative composition of floral volatiles. Narcissus cantabricus subsp. foliosus showed no diurnal patterns either and differed considerably in floral scent composition.
Scent composition, circadian emission patterns, and floral morphology indicate divergent, but partially overlapping pollinator communities. However, the limited pollinator data from the field only permits a tentative correlation between emission patterns and flower visitors. Narcissus papyraceus and N. cantabricus show no clear diurnal patterns and thus no adjustment to the activity patterns of their diurnal pollinators. In N. viridiflorus, timing of scent emission indicates an adaptation to nocturnal flower visitors, contradicting Macroglossum as the only reported pollinator. We propose that the legitimate pollinators of N. viridiflorus are nocturnal and are still unidentified.
植物会产生各种信号，如嗅觉线索，以吸引和操纵传粉者的反应。本研究探讨了气味排放的时间模式作为气味成分的另一个维度。期望发散的花卉功能反映在发散的定性和时间排放模式上。
我们使用 GC-离子迁移谱与集成预浓缩，自动采集了 N. viridiflorus、N. papyraceus 和 N. cantabricus subsp. foliosus 的花挥发性排放的时间趋势。
我们发现 N. viridiflorus 在夜间的气味排放和气味组成有了相当大的增加。这种增加在芳香物质如苯乙酸酯和对甲酚中尤为明显。我们没有发现 N. papyraceus 的昼夜模式，尽管花挥发性物质的定性组成相似。Narcissus cantabricus subsp. foliosus 也没有昼夜模式，其花香组成有很大的差异。
气味组成、昼夜排放模式和花卉形态表明了不同的，但部分重叠的传粉者群落。然而，来自实地的有限的传粉者数据仅允许在排放模式和花访客之间进行试探性的关联。Narcissus papyraceus 和 N. cantabricus 没有明显的昼夜模式，因此没有调整到它们的昼间传粉者的活动模式。在 N. viridiflorus 中，气味排放的时间表明对夜间花访客的适应，与仅报道的传粉者 Macroglossum 相矛盾。我们提出，N. viridiflorus 的合法传粉者是夜间活动的，尚未确定。
