Lu Shun, Zhang Pinliang, Yu Qian, Wu Qiang, Gong Zizheng, Liu Menglong
School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China.
Ultrasonics. 2025 Jan;145:107471. doi: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107471. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
Micro-Meteoroid and Orbital Debris pose a significant threat to the safe operation of orbiting spacecraft, potentially leading to mission failure in space exploration. Quantitative characterization of hypervelocity impact (HVI) is crucial to ensure the safety and successful completion of on-orbit missions. Firstly, this study designed a three-layer sandwich structure of polyimide film with orthogonally laid resistive wires, combined with piezoelectric and resistive wire sensors, for the simultaneous acquisition of acoustic emission (AE) signals generated by HVI and measurement of perforation dimensions. Secondly, a semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) analysis of wave dispersion properties in the periodic sandwich structure is conducted with Bloch's theorem, together with a hybrid model based on three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics and finite element methods (SPH-FEM) to comprehensively understand the AE waves and damage characteristics induced by HVI. The resulting anisotropic wave propagation characteristics with SAFE and SPH-FEM are closely matched. Thirdly, a time delay-multiplication (TDM) imaging algorithm considering wave velocity anisotropy is proposed for accurate real-time "visualization" of HVI locations. Lastly, correlations are established between projectile and perforation dimensions. The proposed algorithm for HVI multi-parameter quantification and damage detection helps evaluate the space HVI environment and HVI-induced damage to spacecraft.
微流星体和轨道碎片对在轨航天器的安全运行构成重大威胁，可能导致太空探索任务失败。超高速撞击（HVI）的定量表征对于确保在轨任务的安全和成功完成至关重要。首先，本研究设计了一种带有正交布置电阻丝的聚酰亚胺薄膜三层三明治结构，结合压电和电阻丝传感器，用于同时采集HVI产生的声发射（AE）信号并测量穿孔尺寸。其次，利用布洛赫定理对周期性三明治结构中的波色散特性进行半解析有限元（SAFE）分析，并结合基于三维光滑粒子流体动力学和有限元方法（SPH-FEM）的混合模型，以全面了解HVI引起的AE波和损伤特性。SAFE和SPH-FEM得出的各向异性波传播特性密切匹配。第三，提出了一种考虑波速各向异性的时延乘法（TDM）成像算法，用于对HVI位置进行精确实时“可视化”。最后，建立了弹丸与穿孔尺寸之间的相关性。所提出的HVI多参数量化和损伤检测算法有助于评估空间HVI环境以及HVI对航天器造成的损伤。
