Chen Huifan, Hu Xialin, Yin Daqiang
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1;954:176362. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176362. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) are widely used as industrial additives to protect products from photoaging and are present in a variety of environmental matrices and organisms. It raised significant concerns that BUVSs are emerging pollutants with persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity, of which 2-(3, 5-di-tert-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole (UV-328) has been recently listed in Annex A of the Stockholm Convention Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) list. A comprehensive understanding of the occurrence, partitioning and transformation of BUVSs in the environment is the basis for their environmental exposure and risk studies. However, the occurrence, partitioning and transformation of BUVSs are scarcely reviewed. In this paper, the environmental occurrence of BUVSs in various matrices, including water-suspended particulate matter and sediment, soil and dust, sludge, as well as biota, were summarized. Solid matrices and organisms are predominant reservoirs for BUVSs rather than waters, but there is a lack of systematical summary on the sorption/partitioning studies of BUVSs in abiotic phases and organisms. This paper analyzed and reviewed the possible sorption/partitioning processes and mechanisms. It was found that the partitioning is dependent on the hydrophobicity of BUVSs, environmental conditions and the organic carbon contents, and the bioaccumulation is also biota-species dependent. To further assess the potential risks of BUVSs, more progress has been made in the study of transformation of BUVSs. Focusing on the most important transformation processes in the environment, involving photodegradation, chemical degradation, biodegradation and metabolism in biota, the probable transformation pathways and mechanisms of BUVSs were summarized. It was emphasized that the hydrophobicity and toxicity of metabolites should not be overlooked. Finally, the future research direction was prospected from contaminant remediation and health risk perspectives. This paper provides fundamental knowledge of the environmental behavior of BUVSs, and will facilitate the research of environmental exposure and risk assessment of BUVSs.
苯并三唑类紫外线稳定剂（BUVSs）作为工业添加剂被广泛用于保护产品免受光老化影响，并且存在于多种环境介质和生物体中。人们高度关注BUVSs是具有持久性、生物累积性和毒性的新兴污染物，其中2-(3,5-二叔戊基-2-羟基苯基)苯并三唑（UV-328）最近已被列入《斯德哥尔摩公约》持久性有机污染物（POPs）清单的附件A中。全面了解BUVSs在环境中的存在、分配和转化情况是开展其环境暴露和风险研究的基础。然而，关于BUVSs的存在、分配和转化情况鲜有综述。本文总结了BUVSs在各种介质中的环境存在情况，包括水相悬浮颗粒物和沉积物、土壤和灰尘、污泥以及生物群。固体介质和生物体是BUVSs的主要储存库而非水体，但目前缺乏对BUVSs在非生物相和生物体中的吸附/分配研究的系统总结。本文分析并综述了可能的吸附/分配过程及机制。研究发现，分配情况取决于BUVSs的疏水性、环境条件和有机碳含量，生物累积也因生物种类而异。为了进一步评估BUVSs的潜在风险，在BUVSs的转化研究方面取得了更多进展。聚焦于环境中最重要的转化过程，包括光降解、化学降解、生物降解以及生物群中的代谢，总结了BUVSs可能的转化途径和机制。强调了代谢产物的疏水性和毒性不容忽视。最后，从污染物修复和健康风险角度展望了未来的研究方向。本文提供了BUVSs环境行为的基础知识，并将推动BUVSs环境暴露和风险评估的研究。
