State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
Prog Orthod. 2024 Sep 23;25(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s40510-024-00536-0.
The biological mechanisms driving orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) remain incompletely understood. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an important indicator of the periodontal bioprocess, providing valuable cues for probing the molecular mechanisms of OTM.
A rigorous review of the clinical studies over the past decade was conducted after registering the protocol with PROSPERO and adhering to inclusion criteria comprising human subjects, specified force magnitudes and force application modes. The thorough screening investigated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in GCF associated with OTM. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was carried out using the STRING database, followed by further refinement through Cytoscape to isolate top hub proteins.
A comprehensive summarization of the OTM-related GCF studies was conducted, followed by an in-depth exploration of biomarkers within the GCF. We identified 13 DEPs, including ALP, IL-1β, IL-6, Leptin, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, PGE, TGF-β1, TNF-α, OPG, RANKL. Bioinformatic analysis spotlighted the top 10 hub proteins and their interactions involved in OTM. Based on these findings, we have proposed a hypothetic diagram for the time-course bioprocess in OTM, which involves three phases containing sequential cellular and molecular components and their interplay network.
This work has further improved our understanding to the bioprocess of OTM, suggesting biomarkers as potential modulating targets to enhance OTM, mitigate adverse effects and support real-time monitoring and personalized orthodontic cycles.
正畸牙齿移动（OTM）的生物学机制仍不完全清楚。牙龈沟液（GCF）是牙周生物过程的重要指标，为探索 OTM 的分子机制提供了有价值的线索。
在 PROSPERO 注册方案并遵守包含人类受试者、规定的力大小和力施加模式的纳入标准后，对过去十年的临床研究进行了严格审查。彻底筛选与 OTM 相关的 GCF 中的差异表达蛋白（DEPs）。使用 STRING 数据库进行蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）分析，然后通过 Cytoscape 进一步细化以分离顶级枢纽蛋白。
对 OTM 相关 GCF 研究进行了全面总结，随后深入探讨了 GCF 中的生物标志物。我们确定了 13 种 DEPs，包括 ALP、IL-1β、IL-6、瘦素、MMP-1、MMP-3、MMP-8、MMP-9、PGE、TGF-β1、TNF-α、OPG、RANKL。生物信息学分析突出了参与 OTM 的前 10 个枢纽蛋白及其相互作用。基于这些发现，我们提出了一个 OTM 时间过程生物过程的假设图，其中包含三个阶段，包含顺序的细胞和分子成分及其相互作用网络。
这项工作进一步提高了我们对 OTM 生物过程的理解，表明生物标志物可能是增强 OTM、减轻不良反应和支持实时监测和个性化正畸周期的潜在调节靶点。
