Qin Haifei, Lu Honglong, Qin Chongjiu, Huang Xinlei, Peng Kai, Li Yuhua, Lan Chenlu, Bi Aoyang, Huang Zaida, Wei Yongguang, Liao Xiwen, Peng Tao, Zhu Guangzhi
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China.
J Cancer. 2024 Aug 26;15(17):5515-5539. doi: 10.7150/jca.98449. eCollection 2024.
LY6H, a member of the lymphocyte antigen-6(LY6) gene family, is located on human chromosomes 6, 8, 11 and 19. This superfamily is characterized by the presence of LU domains. It has demonstrated its emerging significance in various cancers including adenocarcinoma, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer and skin cancer. However, comprehensive pan-cancer analyses have not been conducted to investigate its role in diagnosis, prognosis and immunological prediction. By conducting comprehensive analysis of patient data obtained from publicly available databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), University of Alabama at Birmingham (UALCAN), The Comparative Toxicological Genomics Database (CTD), cBioportal, cancerSEA, and UCSC, we systematically investigated the differential expression of LY6H in 33 different types of human tumors. Additionally, we thoroughly analyzed the diagnostic, prognostic, and immunoinfiltration value of LY6H. Simultaneously, we examined the correlation between LY6H and tumor stemness, methylation patterns, drug sensitivity, gene alterations as well as single cell functions. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction networks and gene-gene interaction networks for LY6H were constructed. Moreover, we also explored the network relationship between LY6H and chemical compounds or genes. The results revealed that LY6H exhibited high expression levels in most cancers which were further validated through Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis using Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples. Moreover, LY6H displayed early diagnostic potential in 12 tumors while also showing positive or negative correlations with prognosis across different tumor types. Additionally, it was found that LY6H played a pivotal role in regulating immune-infiltrating cells across multiple cancers whereas the correlation between LY6H expression and immune-related genes varied depending on their specific types. Furthermore, the expression of LY6H was significantly associated with DNA methylation patterns in 21 cancers. Therefore, LY6H could serve as an adjunctive biomarker for early tumor detection as well as a prognostic indicator for diverse malignancies.
LY6H是淋巴细胞抗原6（LY6）基因家族的成员之一，位于人类染色体6、8、11和19上。这个超家族的特征是存在LU结构域。它已在包括腺癌、膀胱癌、卵巢癌和皮肤癌在内的各种癌症中显示出其日益重要的意义。然而，尚未进行全面的泛癌分析来研究其在诊断、预后和免疫预测中的作用。通过对从公开可用数据库（包括癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）、基因型-组织表达（GTEx）、阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校（UALCAN）、比较毒理基因组学数据库（CTD）、cBioportal、cancerSEA和加州大学圣克鲁兹分校（UCSC））获得的患者数据进行全面分析，我们系统地研究了LY6H在33种不同类型人类肿瘤中的差异表达。此外，我们深入分析了LY6H的诊断、预后和免疫浸润价值。同时，我们研究了LY6H与肿瘤干性、甲基化模式、药物敏感性、基因改变以及单细胞功能之间的相关性。此外，构建了LY6H的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络和基因-基因相互作用网络。此外，我们还探索了LY6H与化合物或基因之间的网络关系。结果显示，LY6H在大多数癌症中表现出高表达水平，这通过使用肝细胞癌（HCC）样本的逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和免疫组织化学（IHC）分析得到进一步验证。此外，LY6H在12种肿瘤中显示出早期诊断潜力，同时在不同肿瘤类型中与预后呈现正相关或负相关。此外，发现LY6H在多种癌症中调节免疫浸润细胞方面发挥关键作用，而LY6H表达与免疫相关基因之间的相关性因其具体类型而异。此外，LY6H的表达在21种癌症中与DNA甲基化模式显著相关。因此，LY6H可作为早期肿瘤检测的辅助生物标志物以及多种恶性肿瘤的预后指标。
