Wang Minghe, Wang Xuejing, Wang Yanqi, Gai Yikuo, Ye Jingran, Xu Xinyan, You Xue
College of Second Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China.
College of Clinical Medical, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2024 Sep 6;28(5):541. doi: 10.3892/ol.2024.14674. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Globally, nearly 2 million deaths annually are attributed to the development of liver diseases, with liver cancer and cirrhosis being particularly prominent, which makes liver disease a significant global health concern. Cirrhosis is closely linked to the evolution of hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis and fatty liver. However, most liver diseases have an insidious onset, are challenging to treat and the prognosis and efficacy of current therapies are unsatisfactory, which can result in irreversible functional damage to the liver. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying liver disease and identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In previous years, microRNAs (miRs), a class of short non-coding RNAs comprising 17-25 nucleotides, have attracted attention for their roles in various types of liver diseases. Among them, miR-22 serves a unique role in mediating multiple pathway mechanisms and epigenetic modifications and can act both as an inhibitor of liver cancer and a metabolic blocker. Given its close association with the liver, several studies have reported that the differential expression of miR-22 regulates the metabolic process of liver cancer and is involved in the evolution of hepatic fibrosis and steatohepatitis, making it a potential target for early diagnosis and treatment. The present manuscript aimed to comprehensively review the key role of miR-22 in the evolution of liver diseases and offer valuable references and guidance for subsequent studies by identifying its specific mechanism of action and future development prospects.
在全球范围内，每年有近200万人死于肝脏疾病的发展，其中肝癌和肝硬化尤为突出，这使得肝脏疾病成为全球重大的健康问题。肝硬化与肝炎、肝纤维化和脂肪肝的演变密切相关。然而，大多数肝脏疾病起病隐匿，治疗具有挑战性，且目前治疗方法的预后和疗效均不尽人意，这可能导致肝脏发生不可逆的功能损害。因此，迫切需要探索肝脏疾病的分子机制，并确定新的生物标志物和治疗靶点。近年来，微小RNA（miR），一类由17 - 25个核苷酸组成的短链非编码RNA，因其在各种类型肝脏疾病中的作用而受到关注。其中，miR - 22在介导多种信号通路机制和表观遗传修饰方面发挥着独特作用，既可以作为肝癌的抑制剂，也可以作为代谢阻滞剂。鉴于其与肝脏的密切关联，多项研究报道miR - 22的差异表达调节肝癌的代谢过程，并参与肝纤维化和脂肪性肝炎的演变，使其成为早期诊断和治疗的潜在靶点。本论文旨在全面综述miR - 22在肝脏疾病演变中的关键作用，通过确定其具体作用机制和未来发展前景，为后续研究提供有价值的参考和指导。
