Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
J Child Neurol. 2024 Nov;39(13-14):487-493. doi: 10.1177/08830738241282354. Epub 2024 Sep 23.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease is a neuroinflammatory disorder (MOGAD) with heterogeneous phenotype including paroxysms of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, brainstem demyelination, and encephalitis. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense cortical lesions in MOG-associated encephalitis with seizures, or FLAMES, is a manifestation of cerebral cortical encephalitis seen less frequently than other typical MOG antibody-associated disease presentations. Cases of FLAMES are rarer in children, and frequently initially misdiagnosed with infectious meningoencephalitis. Other meningocortical manifestations of MOG antibody-associated disease have been described and likely exist along a continuum. In this retrospective single-center case series, we describe the demographic, clinical, radiographic, laboratory, and electroencephalographic features of 5 children with clinicoradiographic features consistent with the spectrum of MOG-IgG-positive meningocortical syndromes.
髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白（MOG）抗体相关疾病是一种神经炎症性疾病（MOGAD），其表型具有异质性，包括视神经炎发作、横贯性脊髓炎、急性播散性脑脊髓炎、脑桥髓鞘溶解和脑炎。伴有癫痫发作的髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白相关脑炎的液体衰减反转恢复高信号皮质病变（FLAMES），是皮质脑炎的一种表现，比其他典型的髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病表现少见。FLAMES 病例在儿童中较少见，且常最初误诊为感染性脑膜脑炎。髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病的其他脑膜皮质表现已被描述，并且可能沿着连续谱存在。在这项回顾性单中心病例系列研究中，我们描述了 5 例具有与 MO G-IgG 阳性脑膜皮质综合征谱一致的临床和影像学特征的儿童的人口统计学、临床、影像学、实验室和脑电图特征。
