El-Houseiny Walaa, Abdelaziz Rewan, Mansour Abdallah Tageldein, Alqhtani Haifa A, Bin-Jumah May Nasser, Bayoumi Yasmin, Arisha Ahmed H, Al-Sagheer Adham A, El-Murr Abd Elhakeem
Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2025 Jan;275:111035. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111035. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
In this study, the effect of the Streptomyces misakiensis metabolite (α- sitosterol, 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg) dietary supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant-immune stability and Candida albicans resistance of Nile tilapia was evaluated. The results revealed that the incorporation of α-sitosterol at doses of 60 and 80 mg/kg into the diet significantly improved the growth rate of Nile tilapia. The fish receiving 80 mg/kg showed an increased level of high-density lipoprotein, total protein, globulin, and albumin, and significantly reduced levels of indicators of hepato-renal damage, glucose, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol. Dietary α-sitosterol induced a considerable increase in hepatopancreas glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and a significant drop in malondialdehyde levels. Supplementing the diet with 80 mg/kg of α-sitosterol increased nitric oxide, complement-3, nitro blue tetrazolium levels, lysozyme, and phagocytic activities. In particular, supplementing with α-sitosterol at 60-80 mg/kg of diet significantly enhanced the expression of pro/anti-inflammatory markers (il1b, il10, tgfb, ifng, tnfa and il8) after the C. albicans challenge. Also, there was a decrease in cumulative mortality percent, pro-apoptotic markers (casp3, bax and hsp70) and an increase in anti-apoptotic indicators (bcl2). Interestingly, following the C. albicans challenge, fish that received 0 and 20 mg α-sitosterol/kg exhibited significant inflammation in the hepatopancreas, spleen, and intestine. On the other hand, inflammation could be alleviated by feeding 60-80 mg α-sitosterol/kg. Due to these findings, α-sitosterol could be an innovative option to enhance growth, general physiological status, immune service, and antifungal resistance of Nile tilapia against C. albicans.
在本研究中，评估了添加不同剂量的三宅链霉菌代谢物（α- 谷甾醇，0、20、40、60和80毫克/千克）对尼罗罗非鱼生长性能、抗氧化 - 免疫稳定性及白色念珠菌抗性的影响。结果显示，在饲料中添加60和80毫克/千克剂量的α- 谷甾醇显著提高了尼罗罗非鱼的生长速率。接受80毫克/千克剂量的鱼，其高密度脂蛋白、总蛋白、球蛋白和白蛋白水平升高，肝 - 肾损伤指标、葡萄糖、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇水平显著降低。饲料中的α- 谷甾醇使肝胰腺谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著增加，丙二醛水平显著下降。在饲料中添加80毫克/千克的α- 谷甾醇可提高一氧化氮、补体 - 3、硝基蓝四氮唑水平、溶菌酶和吞噬活性。特别是，在饲料中添加60 - 80毫克/千克的α- 谷甾醇，在白色念珠菌攻击后显著增强了促炎/抗炎标志物（il1b、il10、tgfb、ifng、tnfa和il8）的表达。此外，累积死亡率百分比、促凋亡标志物（casp3、bax和hsp70）降低，抗凋亡指标（bcl2）增加。有趣的是，在白色念珠菌攻击后，接受0和20毫克α- 谷甾醇/千克的鱼在肝胰腺、脾脏和肠道中表现出明显的炎症。另一方面，投喂60 - 80毫克α- 谷甾醇/千克可缓解炎症。基于这些发现，α- 谷甾醇可能是提高尼罗罗非鱼生长、总体生理状态、免疫功能及抗白色念珠菌抗性的一种创新选择。
