Plaxco Allison P, Kmet Jennifer, Smeltzer Matthew P, Jiang Yu, Taylor Michelle, Nolan Vikki G
Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, 214 Robison Hall, 3825 Desoto Ave, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
Bureau of Epidemiology, Preparedness, and Informatics, Shelby County Health Department, Memphis, TN, USA.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother. 2024 Sep 19;12:25151355241278852. doi: 10.1177/25151355241278852. eCollection 2024.
Two monovalent mRNA vaccines, available in December 2020, were demonstrated to have high efficacy against both the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and variants circulating through the summer and into the fall of 2021. In the context of the Omicron/BA.1 variant, which was predominant from late fall 2021 into winter of 2022 in the United States, and subsequent Omicron subvariants that have been predominant thereafter, vaccine effectiveness of the monovalent mRNA vaccine option is attenuated.
We aim to investigate the relative effectiveness of the bivalent booster compared to the monovalent booster against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the 60 days following administration in Shelby County, TN.
This observational population-based cohort study utilizes COVID-19 surveillance data to identify adults who were vaccinated with a monovalent booster dose between August 1, 2022 and August 30, 2022 or a bivalent booster dose between September 1, 2022 and September 30, 2022. Both groups were followed for COVID-19 status for 60 days from their administration date.
We calculated incidence rates with 95% confidence intervals and propensity-adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals of COVID-19 diagnosis in the 60 days following administration of the booster dose between the bivalent group and the monovalent group. Stratified analysis was conducted by age group (18-34, 35-64, and 65+ years old).
The incidence of reported SARS-CoV-2 infection was substantially higher for those who received the monovalent booster, across age groups. Overall, we observed a 51% lower hazard of infection during the study period among those who received the bivalent booster, compared to the monovalent booster.
These results support and extend prior findings that the bivalent booster dose may be more effective in preventing infection against the Omicron sub-variants of SARS-CoV-2.
2020年12月可用的两种单价mRNA疫苗对原始SARS-CoV-2毒株以及在2021年夏季至秋季流行的变体均显示出高效力。在美国，从2021年秋末到2022年冬季占主导地位的奥密克戎/BA.1变体以及此后占主导地位的后续奥密克戎亚变体的背景下，单价mRNA疫苗的疫苗效力减弱。
我们旨在调查在田纳西州谢尔比县，二价加强针与单价加强针对SARS-CoV-2感染的相对有效性，观察时间为接种后60天。
这项基于人群的观察性队列研究利用COVID-19监测数据，确定在2022年8月1日至2022年8月30日期间接种单价加强针或在2022年9月1日至2022年9月30日期间接种二价加强针的成年人。两组均从接种日期起随访60天的COVID-19状态。
我们计算了二价组和单价组在接种加强针后60天内COVID-19诊断的发病率及95%置信区间，以及倾向调整后的风险比及95%置信区间。按年龄组（18 - 34岁、35 - 64岁和65岁及以上）进行分层分析。
在各个年龄组中，接受单价加强针的人报告的SARS-CoV-2感染发生率显著更高。总体而言，与单价加强针相比，我们观察到在研究期间接受二价加强针的人感染风险降低了51%。
这些结果支持并扩展了先前的研究结果，即二价加强针在预防SARS-CoV-2奥密克戎亚变体感染方面可能更有效。
