Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Photonics and Sensing, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2024 Sep 19;19:9727-9739. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S466011. eCollection 2024.
INTRODUCTION: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted increasing attention in the clinical treatment of epidermal and luminal tumors. However, the PDT efficacy in practice is severely impeded by tumor hypoxia and the adverse factors associated with hydrophobic photosensitizers (PSs), including low delivery capacity, poor photoactivity and limited ROS diffusion. In this study, Pt nanozymes decorated two-dimensional (2D) porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets (PMOF@HA) were fabricated and investigated to conquer the obstacles of PDT against hypoxic tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PMOF@HA was synthesized by the coordination of transition metal iron (Zr) and PS (TCPP), in situ generation of Pt nanozyme and surface modification with hyaluronic acid (HA). The abilities of hypoxic relief and ROS generation were evaluated by detecting the changes of O and O concentration. The cellular uptake was investigated using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The SMMC-7721 cells and the subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice were used to demonstrate the PDT efficacy of PMOF@HA in vitro and in vivo, respectively. RESULTS: Benefiting from the 2D structure and inherent properties of MOF materials, the prepared PMOF@HA could not only serve as nano-PS with high PS loading but also ensure the rational distance between PS molecules to avoid aggregation-induced quenching, enhance the photosensitive activity and promote the rapid diffusion of generated radical oxide species (ROS). Meanwhile, Pt nanozymes with catalase-like activity effectively catalyzed intratumoral overproduced HO into O to alleviate tumor hypoxia. Additionally, PMOF@HA, with the help of externally coated HA, significantly improved the stability and increased the cell uptake by CD44 overexpressed tumor cells to strengthen O self-supply and PDT efficacy. CONCLUSION: This study provided a new strategy of integrating 2D porphyrin MOF nanosheets with nanozymes to conquer the obstacles of PDT against hypoxic tumors.
简介:光动力疗法(PDT)在表皮和腔道肿瘤的临床治疗中受到越来越多的关注。然而,肿瘤缺氧以及疏水性光敏剂(PSs)相关的不利因素严重阻碍了 PDT 的疗效,这些因素包括递送能力低、光活性差以及活性氧(ROS)扩散有限。在本研究中,制备了 Pt 纳米酶修饰的二维(2D)卟啉金属有机骨架(MOF)纳米片(PMOF@HA),以克服 PDT 治疗缺氧肿瘤的障碍。 材料和方法:PMOF@HA 通过过渡金属铁(Zr)和 PS(TCPP)的配位、Pt 纳米酶的原位生成以及透明质酸(HA)的表面修饰合成。通过检测 O 和 O 浓度的变化来评估缺氧缓解和 ROS 生成能力。通过流式细胞术和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜研究细胞摄取。使用 SMMC-7721 细胞和皮下荷瘤小鼠分别在体外和体内证明 PMOF@HA 的 PDT 疗效。 结果:得益于 2D 结构和 MOF 材料的固有特性,所制备的 PMOF@HA 不仅可以作为具有高 PS 负载的纳米 PS,还可以确保 PS 分子之间的合理距离,以避免聚集诱导猝灭,增强光敏活性,并促进生成的活性氧(ROS)的快速扩散。同时,具有过氧化氢酶样活性的 Pt 纳米酶可有效催化肿瘤内过产生的 HO 转化为 O,以缓解肿瘤缺氧。此外,PMOF@HA 在外部包裹的 HA 的帮助下,显著提高了稳定性,并通过 CD44 过表达的肿瘤细胞增加了细胞摄取,以增强 O 自供给和 PDT 疗效。 结论:本研究提供了一种将 2D 卟啉 MOF 纳米片与纳米酶相结合的新策略,以克服 PDT 治疗缺氧肿瘤的障碍。
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