Sharma Nimisha, Vittal Hatkari, Dubey Anil K, Sharma Radha M, Singh Sanjay K, Sharma Neha, Singh Nisha, Khandelwal Ashish, Gupta Deepak K, Mishra Gyan P, Meena Mahesh Chand, Pandey Rakesh, Singh Nagendra Kumar
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Lucknow, UP, 226 002, India.
J Exp Bot. 2025 Apr 9;76(6):1585-1606. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erae403.
The productivity of the mango crop in India is hindered by many factors, one of the most important factors is our limited understanding of the genomic complexities behind the regular versus alternate bearing habit of fruit. In this study, we quantified carbohydrate fractions, protein content, and macro- and micronutrient storage pools together with their transportation and contributions to a regular bearing variety, Totapuri, and to an alternate-bearer, Bombay Green during the 'off' year. RNA-sequencing was used to assess gene expression dynamics between buds and flowers of these varieties. Differential pathway analysis showed the greatest number of differentially expressed genes in metabolic processes, followed by oxidoreductase, hormone, oxidative stress, starvation, alternate bearing, flowering, meristem, and cellular component pathways. Bioinformatics analysis showed that, among 15 highly differentially expressed genes between varieties representing alternate bearing, hormone, and carbohydrate metabolism pathways, 12 were up-regulated in Totapuri and 3 in Bombay Green, and this was confirmed by qRT-PCR. In addition, 202 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in 32 genes related to alternate bearing. Our results confirmed the strong ability of reproductive buds to import sugars, proteins, and starch in the regular-bearer variety, thereby enhancing flowering and fruiting during 'off' years. Thus, our study shows a potential role for the mineral nutrient and biochemical constituents of buds and leaves in determining the regular versus alternate bearing fruiting habit in mango.
印度芒果作物的产量受到多种因素的阻碍，其中最重要的因素之一是我们对果实常规结果习性与隔年结果习性背后的基因组复杂性了解有限。在本研究中，我们对碳水化合物组分、蛋白质含量以及大量和微量营养元素储存库进行了定量分析，同时分析了它们在“小年”期间向常规结果品种Totapuri和隔年结果品种Bombay Green的运输情况及其贡献。利用RNA测序评估了这些品种芽和花之间的基因表达动态。差异途径分析表明，代谢过程中差异表达基因数量最多，其次是氧化还原酶、激素、氧化应激、饥饿、隔年结果、开花、分生组织和细胞成分途径。生物信息学分析表明，在代表隔年结果、激素和碳水化合物代谢途径的品种间15个高度差异表达基因中，12个在Totapuri中上调，3个在Bombay Green中上调，这通过qRT-PCR得到了证实。此外，在与隔年结果相关的32个基因中鉴定出202个单核苷酸多态性。我们的结果证实了生殖芽在常规结果品种中导入糖、蛋白质和淀粉的强大能力，从而在“小年”期间促进开花和结果。因此，我们的研究表明芽和叶中的矿质营养和生化成分在决定芒果常规结果与隔年结果习性方面具有潜在作用。
