Gurevich Evgenia, Landau Daniel
Pediatrics Department, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashqelon, Israel.
Ben Gurion University of Negev, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2025 Feb;40(2):319-328. doi: 10.1007/s00467-024-06526-y. Epub 2024 Sep 25.
The tubulointerstitial compartment comprises most of the kidney parenchyma. Inflammation in this compartment (tubulointerstitial nephritis-TIN) can be acute and resolves if the offending factor is withdrawn or may enter a chronic process leading to irreversible kidney damage. Etiologic factors differ, including different exposures, infections, and autoimmune and genetic tendency, and the initial damage can be acute, recurrent, or permanent, determining whether the acute inflammatory process will lead to complete healing or to a chronic course of inflammation leading to fibrosis. Clinical and laboratory findings of TIN are often nonspecific, which may lead to delayed diagnosis and a poorer clinical outcome. We provide a general review of TIN, with special mention of the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms of the associated kidney damage.
肾小管间质部分构成了大部分肾实质。该部分的炎症（肾小管间质性肾炎-TIN）可为急性，如果去除致病因素则可消退，否则可能进入慢性病程，导致不可逆的肾损害。病因各不相同，包括不同的暴露因素、感染以及自身免疫和遗传倾向，初始损伤可为急性、复发性或永久性，这决定了急性炎症过程是会导致完全愈合还是会发展为导致纤维化的慢性炎症病程。TIN的临床和实验室检查结果往往不具有特异性，这可能导致诊断延迟和临床预后较差。我们对TIN进行了全面综述，特别提及了相关肾损害的分子病理生理机制。
