Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources in the Tarim Basin, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
School of Computer Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1;954:176489. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176489. Epub 2024 Sep 23.
Soil microorganisms are key to ecological environment stability, but climate change and human activities exacerbate ecological environment changes. Therefore, assessment of ecological environment quality impacts on microbial diversity is needed. The Tarim River is the largest inland river in China and plays a crucial role in supporting regional biodiversity, maintaining ecological balance, and preventing desertification. In this study, we used the Remote Sensing-based Ecological Index (RSEI) to assess the ecological quality of habitats in the Tarim River Basin and explore the effects of habitat quality (extreme, semi-extreme, and general) on the structural diversity of microbial (bacterial and fungal) communities, biogeographic patterns, co-occurrence networks, and community assembly processes. Study results show that soil physicochemical characteristics varied significantly with habitat quality; highly resilient microorganisms are more abundant in habitats with low ecological quality. RSEI affects changes in microbial communities, and the positive correlation ratio of the network is inversely proportional to RSEI. The interspecific relationships of microbial communities in the Tarim River Basin are dominated by positive correlations, and community assembly is strongly influenced by stochastic processes. RSEI directly affects soil microbial diversity, with its contribution to both bacterial and fungal diversity being 0.27. Total nitrogen (TN) also directly affects microbial diversity, with effects of 0.11 on bacteria and 0.07 on fungi, respectively. This study provides scientific evidence and technical support for understanding microbial diversity in environments and for the development of regional sustainable development policies.
土壤微生物是生态环境稳定的关键，但气候变化和人类活动加剧了生态环境的变化。因此，需要评估生态环境质量对微生物多样性的影响。塔里木河是中国最大的内陆河，对支持区域生物多样性、维持生态平衡和防治荒漠化至关重要。本研究利用基于遥感的生态指数（RSEI）评估了塔里木河流域生境的生态质量，并探讨了生境质量（极端、半极端和一般）对微生物（细菌和真菌）群落结构多样性、生物地理格局、共生网络和群落组装过程的影响。研究结果表明，土壤理化特性与生境质量差异显著；在生态质量较低的生境中，具有高弹性的微生物更为丰富。RSEI 影响微生物群落的变化，网络的正相关比例与 RSEI 成反比。塔里木河流域微生物群落的种间关系以正相关为主，群落组装受随机过程的强烈影响。RSEI 直接影响土壤微生物多样性，对细菌和真菌多样性的贡献分别为 0.27 和 0.11。本研究为理解环境中的微生物多样性以及制定区域可持续发展政策提供了科学依据和技术支持。
