National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China; Shanghai Shifang Ecology and Landscape Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Dec 1;362:125018. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125018. Epub 2024 Sep 23.
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have become emerging environmental contaminants influenced by intricate regulatory factors. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the evolution and distribution of ARGs over a full year in urban rivers, which serve as significant reservoirs of ARGs due to dynamic human activities. In this study, we conducted a 12-month metagenomic assembly to explore the microbial communities, ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) coexisting with ARGs, ARGs hosts, and the impact of environmental factors. Bacitracin (32%-47%) and multidrug (13%-24%) were detected throughout the year, constituting over 60% of the total abundance, making them the primary ARGs types. The assembly mechanisms of microbial communities and ARGs were primarily driven by stochastic processes. Integrase, IntI1, recombinase, and transposase were identified as the main MGEs coexisting with ARGs. Procrustes analysis revealed a significant structural association, indicating that the composition of host communities likely plays crucial roles in the seasonal composition and distribution of ARGs. Human pathogenic bacteria (HPBs) were identified in the summer, autumn, and winter, with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter lwoffii, and Burkholderiales bacterium being the primary HPBs. Mantle tests and PLS-PM equation analysis indicated that microbial communities and MGEs are the most critical factors determining the distribution and composition of ARGs in the river. Environmental factors (including water properties and nutrients) and ARGs hosts influence the evolution and abundance of ARGs by directly regulating microbial communities and MGEs. This study provides critical insights into risk assessment and management of ARGs in urban rivers.
抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）已成为新兴的环境污染物，受复杂调控因素的影响。然而，由于人类活动的动态影响，城市河流作为 ARGs 的重要储存库，缺乏对 ARGs 进行全年综合研究。在这项研究中，我们进行了为期 12 个月的宏基因组组装，以探索微生物群落、共存的 ARGs 移动遗传元件（MGEs）、ARGs 宿主以及环境因素的影响。全年检测到杆菌肽（32%-47%）和多药（13%-24%），占总丰度的 60%以上，是主要的 ARGs 类型。微生物群落和 ARGs 的组装机制主要受随机过程驱动。鉴定出整合酶、IntI1、重组酶和转座酶是与 ARGs 共存的主要 MGEs。普罗克斯特斯分析显示出显著的结构关联，表明宿主群落的组成可能在 ARGs 的季节性组成和分布中发挥关键作用。在夏季、秋季和冬季鉴定出人类致病菌（HPB），其中大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阿克曼氏菌和伯克霍尔德氏菌是主要的 HPB。套索测试和 PLS-PM 方程分析表明，微生物群落和 MGEs 是决定河流中 ARGs 分布和组成的最关键因素。环境因素（包括水质和养分）和 ARGs 宿主通过直接调节微生物群落和 MGEs 影响 ARGs 的进化和丰度。本研究为城市河流中 ARGs 的风险评估和管理提供了重要的见解。
