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一项关于新冠疫情期间居家工作影响的纵向研究：自我评定的总体健康状况、压力以及工作-家庭和家庭-工作冲突——存在性别和父母身份差异吗？

A Longitudinal Study on the Impact of Working From Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Self-Rated General Health, Stress, and Work-Family and Family-Work Conflict-Are There Gender and Parental Status Differences?

作者信息

Graham Melissa, Weale Victoria, Lambert Katrina A, Kinsman Natasha, Stuckey Rwth, Oakman Jodi

机构信息

From the Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia (M.G., V.W., K.A.L., N.K., R.S., J.O.); and Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Monash University Melbourne, Australia (N.K.).

出版信息

J Occup Environ Med. 2024 Dec 1;66(12):1030-1038. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003237. Epub 2024 Sep 26.

DOI:10.1097/JOM.0000000000003237

PMID:39322403

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic on general health, stress, work-family, and family-work conflict over-time and identify differences by gender and parental status.

METHODS

Trajectory analyses described outcomes over time. Multinomial logistic regression relates the effects of gender, children, and the interaction between them, on group membership based on the latent class growth analyses.

RESULTS

Not all trajectories followed the expected cubic pattern. Females had less family-work conflict (high/low: OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.17-0.66; moderate/low OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.20-0.67). Children increased the odds of family-work conflict (high/low: OR = 8.48, 95% CI: 3.38-21.25; moderate/low OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 1.63-5.43). Work-family conflict was worse for those with children (high-to-moderate decline/low-stable: OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.25-5.41).

CONCLUSIONS

Work from home has implications for health and well-being of employees with differences based on gender and parental status for stress, work-family, and family-work conflict.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在探讨新冠疫情期间居家办公对总体健康、压力、工作-家庭及家庭-工作冲突随时间的影响，并确定性别和父母身份的差异。

方法

轨迹分析描述随时间变化的结果。多项逻辑回归基于潜在类别增长分析，研究性别、子女及其相互作用对类别归属的影响。

结果

并非所有轨迹都遵循预期的三次方模式。女性的家庭-工作冲突较少（高/低：比值比=0.29，95%置信区间：0.17-0.66；中/低比值比=0.37，95%置信区间：0.20-0.67）。子女增加了家庭-工作冲突的几率（高/低：比值比=8.48，95%置信区间：3.38-21.25；中/低比值比=2.98，95%置信区间：1.63-5.43）。有子女者的工作-家庭冲突更严重（高到中下降/低稳定：比值比=2.59，95%置信区间1.25-5.41）。