Deng Yuyang, Li Xuecheng, Huang Jiafu, Haegele Justin A, Smith Brett, Williams Toni Louise, Li Chunxiao
School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Human Movement Studies & Special Education, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA; Center for Movement, Health, & Disability, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2025 Jan;18(1):101707. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101707. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Children and adolescents with disabilities (CAD) frequently encounter barriers to participation in physical activity (PA). Schools play a vital role in promoting PA, making it crucial to understand the school-based factors influencing CAD's PA participation.
This qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis aims to identify and elucidate the school-based factors influencing PA engagement among this population.
A comprehensive search across six databases-Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Embase, CNKI-was conducted in August 2023, and subsequently updated in April 2024. English or Chinese peer-reviewed journal articles that contained substantial qualitative data regarding school-based factors affecting PA in CAD were included. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated utilizing the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Qualitative Checklist. Qualitative data were analyzed through thematic synthesis.
A total of 16 studies (12 qualitative studies and 4 mixed-methods studies) were included, all of which were of moderate to high quality. Thematic synthesis identified four major themes: (a) physical environment (provision of facilities, specialized and adapted equipment, space for activities); (b) social environment (peers, school leaders, teachers and other school staff); (c) opportunities for PA (physical education, classroom movement integration, extra-curricular activities); and (d) characteristics of PA (adaption of rules and task difficulty, competition components, diversified activities, fun).
This review reveals the complex interplay of different school-based factors affecting PA participation among CAD. The findings provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and health professionals to enhance PA participation in this population.
残疾儿童和青少年（CAD）在参与体育活动（PA）时经常遇到障碍。学校在促进体育活动方面起着至关重要的作用，因此了解影响CAD参与体育活动的学校因素至关重要。
这项定性系统评价和元综合分析旨在识别和阐明影响该人群体育活动参与的学校因素。
2023年8月对六个数据库——科学网、心理学文摘数据库、Scopus数据库、体育文献数据库、Embase数据库和中国知网进行了全面检索，并于2024年4月进行了更新。纳入了包含大量关于影响CAD体育活动的学校因素的定性数据的英文或中文同行评审期刊文章。使用批判性评价技能计划定性检查表评估纳入研究的方法学质量。通过主题综合分析定性数据。
共纳入16项研究（12项定性研究和4项混合方法研究），所有研究质量均为中等至高。主题综合分析确定了四个主要主题：（a）物理环境（设施提供、专门和适应性设备、活动空间）；（b）社会环境（同伴、学校领导、教师和其他学校工作人员）；（c）体育活动机会（体育教育、课堂运动整合、课外活动）；以及（d）体育活动特征（规则和任务难度的调整、竞争成分、多样化活动、趣味性）。
本综述揭示了影响CAD参与体育活动的不同学校因素之间的复杂相互作用。研究结果为教育工作者、政策制定者和卫生专业人员提高该人群的体育活动参与度提供了有价值的见解。
