Dresser R
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1985 Nov;33(11):790-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1985.tb04193.x.
In the recent past, public and professional attention has focused on the question of whether and when it is appropriate to discontinue nutritional support from patients unable or unwilling to ingest food orally. This article addresses the special problems raised by patients who resist medical feeding. It discusses the following issues relevant to this patient group: competency to make treatment choices, decision making on behalf of incompetent patients, the competent patient's right of self-determination, and procedures for reviewing treatment decisions. Legal decisions bearing on the nourishment question are analyzed as well. Although the author concludes that cessation of nourishment is morally and legally permissible in a few cases, she also cautions that the option should be carefully and narrowly applied.
最近，公众和专业人士的注意力集中在对于无法或不愿经口摄入食物的患者，是否以及何时停止营养支持才合适这一问题上。本文探讨了抗拒医学喂食的患者所引发的特殊问题。它讨论了与这一患者群体相关的以下问题：做出治疗选择的能力、代表无行为能力患者进行决策、有行为能力患者的自主决定权以及审查治疗决策的程序。还分析了与营养问题相关的法律裁决。尽管作者得出结论，在少数情况下停止营养支持在道德和法律上是允许的，但她也告诫说，这一选择应谨慎且严格地适用。
