U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, USA.
Environ Manage. 2024 Dec;74(6):1239-1259. doi: 10.1007/s00267-024-02040-x. Epub 2024 Sep 26.
Ecological restoration projects are designed to improve natural and cultural resources. Spending on restoration also stimulates economic impacts to the restoration economy through the creation or support of jobs and business activity. This paper presents accessible methods for quantifying the economic impacts supported by restoration spending and is written to be a guide and toolbox for an interdisciplinary audience of restoration practitioners and economists. Measuring the economic impacts of restoration can be challenging due to lacking or limited data. The complex, collaborative, and heterogeneous nature of restoration projects can make it difficult to clearly track costs, contributing to limited availability and inconsistency in restoration cost data. And business classification systems, such as the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS), do not include restoration-sectors that consistently describe the patterns of restoration spending. The aims of this paper are to (1) provide restoration practitioners and program managers with a clear understanding of the application of economic impact analyses to restoration, (2) provide a framework for collecting project cost data for economic impact analyses, and (3) provide modeling best practices and an example application of the framework.
生态修复项目旨在改善自然和文化资源。修复工程的投入还通过创造或支持就业和商业活动，对修复经济产生经济影响。本文介绍了量化修复投入所支持的经济影响的方法，旨在为修复从业者和经济学家这一跨学科受众提供指南和工具包。由于数据缺乏或有限，衡量修复的经济影响可能具有挑战性。修复项目的复杂性、协作性和异质性使得难以清楚地跟踪成本，这导致修复成本数据的可用性有限且不一致。并且，企业分类系统（如北美产业分类系统（NAICS））不包括始终描述修复支出模式的修复部门。本文的目的是：（1）使修复从业者和项目管理人员清楚地了解经济影响分析在修复中的应用；（2）为经济影响分析收集项目成本数据提供框架；（3）提供建模最佳实践和框架的应用示例。
