Department of Public Health, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
J Glob Health. 2024 Sep 27;14:04199. doi: 10.7189/jogh.14.04199.
As part of the Immunisation Agenda 2030, the World Health Organization set a goal to reduce the number of children who did not receive any routine vaccine by 50% by 2030. We aimed to describe the patterns of vaccines received for children with zero, one, and up to full vaccination, while considering newly deployed vaccines (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and rotavirus (ROTA) vaccine) alongside longstanding ones such as the Bacille Calmete-Guérin (BCG), diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DPT), and poliomyelitis vaccines, and measles-containing vaccines (MCVs).
We used data from national household surveys (Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys) carried out in 43 low- and middle-income countries since 2014. We calculated the immunisation cascade as a score ranging from zero to six, considering BCG, polio, DPT, and ROTA vaccines, and the MCV and PCV. We also described the most prevalent combination of vaccines. The analyses were pooled across countries and stratified by household wealth quintiles.
In the pooled analyses with all countries combined, 9.0% of children failed to receive any vaccines, 58.6% received at least one dose of each of the six vaccines, and 47.2% were fully vaccinated with all doses. Among the few children receiving 1-5 vaccines, the most frequent were BCG vaccines, polio vaccines, DPT vaccines, PCV, ROTA vaccines, and MCV.
Targeting children with their initial vaccine is crucial, as those who receive a first vaccine are more likely to undergo subsequent vaccinations. Finding zero-dose children and starting their immunisation is essential to leaving no one behind during the era of Sustainable Development Goals.
作为 2030 年免疫议程的一部分，世界卫生组织设定了一个目标，即在 2030 年之前将未接种任何常规疫苗的儿童人数减少 50%。我们旨在描述零剂、一剂和全程接种疫苗的儿童的疫苗接种模式，同时考虑新部署的疫苗（肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV）和轮状病毒（ROTA）疫苗）以及卡介苗（BCG）、白喉、破伤风和百日咳（DPT）和脊髓灰质炎疫苗、麻疹含疫苗（MCV）等长期使用的疫苗。
我们使用了自 2014 年以来在 43 个中低收入国家进行的国家家庭调查（人口与健康调查和多指标类集调查）的数据。我们计算了免疫级联，作为一个从 0 到 6 的分数，考虑了 BCG、脊髓灰质炎、DPT 和 ROTA 疫苗以及 MCV 和 PCV。我们还描述了最常见的疫苗组合。分析结果在国家间进行了汇总，并按家庭财富五分位数进行了分层。
在所有国家合并的汇总分析中，9.0%的儿童未接种任何疫苗，58.6%的儿童至少接种了六种疫苗中的一种，47.2%的儿童全程接种了所有疫苗。在接受 1-5 剂疫苗的少数儿童中，最常见的是 BCG 疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、DPT 疫苗、PCV、ROTA 疫苗和 MCV。
针对初始疫苗接种的儿童至关重要，因为接种第一剂疫苗的儿童更有可能接受后续疫苗接种。发现零剂儿童并开始他们的免疫接种对于在可持续发展目标时代不落下任何人至关重要。
