Vishnevetskii Dmitry V, Metlin Fedor A, Andrianova Yana V, Polyakova Elizaveta E, Ivanova Alexandra I, Averkin Dmitry V, Mekhtiev Arif R
Department of Physical Chemistry, Tver State University, Building 33, Zhelyabova Str., Tver 170100, Russia.
Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow 191121, Russia.
Gels. 2024 Sep 5;10(9):577. doi: 10.3390/gels10090577.
In this study, a novel supramolecular composite, "photogels", was synthesized by mixing of cysteine-silver sol (CSS) and methylene blue (MB). A complex of modern physico-chemical methods of analysis such as viscosimetry, UV spectroscopy, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that MB molecules are uniformly localized mainly in the space between fibers of the gel-network formed by CSS particles. Molecules of the dye also bind with the surface of CSS particles by non-covalent interactions. This fact is reflected in the appearance of a synergistic anticancer effect of gels against human squamous cell carcinoma even in the absence of light irradiation. A mild toxic influence of hydrogels was observed in normal keratinocyte cells. Photodynamic exposure significantly increased gel activity, and there remained a synergistic effect. The study of free-radical oxidation in cells has shown that gels are not only capable of generating reactive oxygen species, but also have other targets of action. Flow cytometric analysis allowed us to find out that obtained hydrogels caused cell cycle arrest both without irradiation and with light exposure. The obtained gels are of considerable interest both from the point of view of academics and applied science, for example, in the photodynamic therapy of superficial neoplasms.
在本研究中，通过将半胱氨酸-银溶胶（CSS）和亚甲蓝（MB）混合合成了一种新型超分子复合材料“光凝胶”。粘度测定、紫外光谱、动态和电泳光散射、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线光谱等现代物理化学分析方法的综合分析表明，MB分子主要均匀地定位在由CSS颗粒形成的凝胶网络纤维之间的空间中。染料分子还通过非共价相互作用与CSS颗粒表面结合。这一事实体现在即使在没有光照的情况下，凝胶对人鳞状细胞癌也具有协同抗癌作用。在正常角质形成细胞中观察到水凝胶有轻微的毒性影响。光动力照射显著提高了凝胶的活性，并且协同效应仍然存在。对细胞中自由基氧化的研究表明，凝胶不仅能够产生活性氧，而且还有其他作用靶点。流式细胞术分析使我们发现，所制备的水凝胶在未照射和光照条件下均能导致细胞周期停滞。从学术和应用科学的角度来看，例如在浅表肿瘤的光动力治疗中，所获得的凝胶具有相当大的吸引力。
