Tanglai Wirampa, Jeamjitvibool Thanakrit, Chen Pei, Lockwood Mark B, Cajita Mia
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2025;40(3):280-289. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000001147. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
The prevalence of hypertension (HTN) is rising at an accelerated rate, and it remains the primary factor contributing to cardiovascular illnesses. Sex can serve as an influencing factor, leading to variations in the factors affecting HTN.
This study aimed to investigate gender and sex differences in the prevalence of HTN and explore the associations between HTN and 4 categories of risk factors: demographics, habits or lifestyle, body measurement, and laboratory blood results among non-Hispanic Asians in the United States.
This secondary analysis included non-Hispanic Asian adults aged 18 years or older from the 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
Among the 815 participants, 35% of men (140 of 399) and 37% (154 of 416) of women had HTN ( P = .610). The mean age for men is 46.03 ± 16.9 years, whereas the mean age for women is 49.24 ± 16.8 years. After regression analysis, advancing age, increased body mass index, and increased serum uric acid were significant predictors of HTN in both sexes. However, men developed HTN earlier compared with women. Marital status and increased fasting glucose were only significant in men. Compared with their never-married counterparts, men who were currently married or living with a partner had lower odds of having HTN (odds ratio, 0.28; P = .034).
There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HTN between the sexes. Age, body mass index, and serum uric acid were significant risk factors in both men and women. Meanwhile, marital status and fasting glucose were only significant in men.
高血压（HTN）的患病率正在加速上升，并且它仍然是导致心血管疾病的主要因素。性别可作为一个影响因素，导致影响高血压的因素存在差异。
本研究旨在调查美国非西班牙裔亚洲人中高血压患病率的性别差异，并探讨高血压与四类危险因素之间的关联：人口统计学、习惯或生活方式、身体测量指标以及实验室血液检查结果。
这项二次分析纳入了2017年至2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查中18岁及以上的非西班牙裔亚洲成年人。
在815名参与者中，35%的男性（399人中的140人）和37%的女性（416人中的154人）患有高血压（P = 0.610）。男性的平均年龄为46.03±16.9岁，而女性的平均年龄为49.24±16.8岁。经过回归分析，年龄增长、体重指数增加和血清尿酸升高是两性高血压的显著预测因素。然而，男性患高血压的时间比女性更早。婚姻状况和空腹血糖升高仅在男性中具有显著性。与未婚男性相比，目前已婚或与伴侣同居的男性患高血压的几率较低（优势比，0.28；P = 0.034）。
两性之间高血压患病率没有显著差异。年龄、体重指数和血清尿酸是男性和女性的显著危险因素。同时，婚姻状况和空腹血糖仅在男性中具有显著性。
