Kawamoto Kenta, Masutomi Hirofumi, Matsumoto Yuma, Akutsu Keiko, Momiki Ryosuke, Ishihara Katsuyuki
Research & Development Division, Calbee Inc., Utsunomiya, 321-3231, Tochigi, Japan.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Sep 27;51(1):1020. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09953-0.
Limited crop production due to lower rainfall has a major impact on the supply and demand of food for the human population. In potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), one of the major crops, there is also concern about a lack of production due to drought stress. Especially the cultivar "Toyoshiro" suitable for processing, has significant reduction in drought yield. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of gene expression changes that occur in potato "Toyoshiro" plants and tubers during drought.
Seed potatoes were split in half and one was used as a control plant (CT), and the other was used as a drought-stressed plant (DS). CT was watered daily, and DS watered off to mimic the weather conditions of the Tokachi-Obihiro region in 2021. These tubers were harvested at week 14 and the transcriptome was analyzed. DS plants showed 423 downregulated genes and 197 upregulated genes compared to CT. Factors related to cell wall modification, heat stress response, and phytosterol metabolism were detected among the genes whose expression changed. Moreover, the expression of "Abscisic acid and environmental stress-inducible protein TAS14 like (TAS14)," a molecule reported to be upregulated under drought stress, was also upregulated, and was upregulated expression in all strains that reproduced drought. The localization of this molecule in the nucleus and plasma membrane was confirmed in a mCherry-tagged TAS14 mutant line.
Our findings contribute to understanding the survival strategy system of Japanese processing potatoes in response to drought stress.
降雨减少导致作物产量受限，对人类食物的供需产生重大影响。在主要作物之一的马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）中，也存在因干旱胁迫而产量不足的问题。特别是适合加工的品种“丰城”，干旱产量显著降低。因此，有必要了解干旱期间马铃薯“丰城”植株和块茎中发生的基因表达变化机制。
将种薯切成两半，一半用作对照植株（CT），另一半用作干旱胁迫植株（DS）。CT每天浇水，DS不浇水以模拟2021年十胜带广地区的天气状况。在第14周收获这些块茎并进行转录组分析。与CT相比，DS植株显示423个基因下调，197个基因上调。在表达发生变化的基因中检测到与细胞壁修饰、热应激反应和植物甾醇代谢相关 的因素。此外，据报道在干旱胁迫下上调的分子“脱落酸和环境胁迫诱导蛋白TAS14样蛋白（TAS14）”的表达也上调，并且在所有重现干旱的品系中表达均上调。在mCherry标记的TAS14突变体品系中证实了该分子在细胞核和质膜中的定位。
我们的研究结果有助于了解日本加工马铃薯应对干旱胁迫的生存策略系统。
