Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, 069- 8501, Hokkaido, Japan.
Dairy Technology Research Institute, National Federation of Dairy Co-operative Association, 5 Bunkyocho, Yabukimachi, Nishishirakawagun, 969-0223, Fukushima, Japan.
Vet Res Commun. 2024 Dec;48(6):3873-3881. doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10556-0. Epub 2024 Sep 27.
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a multifaceted condition that poses a primary challenge in calf rearing. Viruses and bacteria are etiological agents of BRD. Viral BRD is typically managed symptomatically, whereas bacterial BRD is predominantly managed through the empirical administration of antimicrobials. However, this empirical administration has raised concerns regarding the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Thus, rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria and judicious selection of antimicrobials are required. This study evaluated the usefulness of 16S rRNA analysis through nanopore sequencing for the rapid identification of BRD-causing bacteria. A comparative evaluation of nanopore sequencing and traditional culture method was performed on 100 calf samples detected with BRD. Nanopore sequencing facilitated the identification of bacteria at the species level in bovine nasal swabs, ear swabs, and lung tissue samples within approximately 6 h. Of the 92 samples in which BRD-causing bacteria were identified via nanopore sequencing, 82 (89%) were concordant with the results of culture isolation. In addition, the occurrence of multiple infections exceeded that of singular infections. These results suggest that 16S rRNA sequencing via nanopore technology is effective in reducing analysis time and accurately identifying BRD-causing bacteria. This method is particularly advantageous for the initial detectable screening of BRD.
牛呼吸道疾病（BRD）是一种多方面的疾病，是犊牛饲养的主要挑战。病毒和细菌是 BRD 的病因。病毒性 BRD 通常采用对症治疗，而细菌性 BRD 主要通过经验性使用抗生素进行管理。然而，这种经验性管理引起了人们对出现抗微生物耐药细菌的担忧。因此，需要快速鉴定病原菌并明智地选择抗生素。本研究评估了通过纳米孔测序进行 16S rRNA 分析对快速鉴定 BRD 病原菌的有用性。对 100 例经 BRD 检测的犊牛样本进行了纳米孔测序和传统培养方法的比较评估。纳米孔测序可在大约 6 小时内鉴定牛鼻拭子、耳拭子和肺组织样本中的细菌种水平。在通过纳米孔测序鉴定出的 92 例 BRD 病原菌样本中，82 例（89%）与培养分离的结果一致。此外，多重感染的发生率超过了单一感染。这些结果表明，通过纳米孔技术进行 16S rRNA 测序可有效缩短分析时间并准确鉴定 BRD 病原菌。该方法特别有利于 BRD 的初始检测筛选。
