Best Buy Health, Boston, MA, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2024 Oct 11;26:e58888. doi: 10.2196/58888.
The COVID-19 pandemic, patient preference, and economic opportunity are shifting acute care from the hospital to the home, supported by the transformation in remote monitoring technology. Monitoring patients with digital medical devices gives unprecedented insight into their physiology. However, this technology does not exist in a vacuum. Distinguishing pathology from physiological variability, user error, or device limitations is challenging. In a hospital, patients are monitored in a contrived environment. Monitoring at home instead captures activities of daily living alongside patients' trajectory of disease and recovery. Both settings make for "noisy" data. However, we are familiar with hospital noise, accounting for it in our practice and perceptions of normal. Home monitoring as a diagnostic intervention introduces a new set of downstream consequences, dependent on device, cadence of collection, adherence, duration, alarm thresholds, and escalation criteria. We must accept greater ambiguity and contextualize vital signs. All devices balance accuracy with acceptability, so compromises are inevitable and perfect data should not be expected. Alarms must be specific as well as sensitive, balancing clinical risk with capacity for response. By setting expectations around data from the home, we can smooth the adoption of remote monitoring and accelerate the transition of acute care.
新冠疫情、患者偏好和经济机会正在将急性护理从医院转移到家庭,这得益于远程监测技术的转变。使用数字医疗设备监测患者可以让我们以前所未有的方式深入了解他们的生理状况。然而,这项技术并不是孤立存在的。区分病理与生理变化、用户错误或设备限制具有挑战性。在医院中,患者在人为环境中接受监测。而在家中进行监测则可以同时捕捉到患者的日常生活活动以及疾病和康复的轨迹。这两种环境都会产生“嘈杂”的数据。然而,我们对医院噪音已经很熟悉,在实践中会考虑到它,并将其视为正常情况。家庭监测作为一种诊断干预手段,会带来一系列新的下游后果,这些后果取决于设备、采集的节奏、患者的依从性、持续时间、报警阈值和升级标准。我们必须接受更大的模糊性,并将生命体征置于具体情境中进行评估。所有设备都在准确性和可接受性之间进行平衡,因此不可避免地会做出妥协,而且不应该期望得到完美的数据。报警必须具有特异性和敏感性,在临床风险和反应能力之间取得平衡。通过围绕家庭监测数据设定预期,可以顺利推广远程监测并加速急性护理的转型。