Anh Nguyen Thu, Thi Le Phuong, Ho Thi H, Van Vu Sy, Nu Hoang Lo Tien, Park In, Pham Nguyet N T, Quoc Vo Khuong
Faculty of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
Department of Physical Chemistry, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
Chempluschem. 2025 Jan;90(1):e202400420. doi: 10.1002/cplu.202400420. Epub 2024 Nov 11.
In recent years, improving the pharmaceutical properties of drug delivery for anti-cancer treatment has become increasingly important. This is necessary to address challenges related to absorption, distribution, and stability. One potential approach solution is to attach the drug to a carrier system, such as functional noble nanomaterials, in order to improve the control of drug release and stability. Core-satellite nanoparticles (CSN) with an anisotropic morphology have enormous potential for targeted drug delivery and cancer treatment because of their large surface area, exceptional stability, and biocompatibility. We used a simple seed-mediated approach to synthesize urchin-like gold nanoparticles (ULGNPs) with a high aspect ratio and a dense network of 49 nm-sized branches, using seed solution, silver nitrate, and ascorbic acid. The ULGNPs were synthesized without a surfactant and then encapsulated with thin layers of amorphous TiO (ULGNPs@TiO), resulting in an average overall size of 136±15 nm with a 27.5 nm TiO layer. Doxorubicin (Dox) was chosen as a model drug to assess the distribution carrier ability of ULGNPs@TiO core-satellite nanoparticles. The results showed 86.5 % Dox loading and 72.3 % release capacity at pH 5. The anti-cancer ability of ULGNPs@TiO-Dox was meticulously assessed using breast cancer MCF-7 cells in the WST-1 assay. The results revealed that ULGNPs@TiO-Dox exhibited approximately 92 % toxicity in MCF-7 cells compared to the free Dox of 89.6 % at low concentrations (5 ppm). Based on the simulation results for loading ULGNPs@TiO with Dox, it was observed that a structure containing five layers of Au (111) with three fixed bottom layers and two relaxed top layers, in addition to six TiO (100) layers, was analyzed using Grimme's DFT-D3 dispersion corrections (Scheme 1). The density functional theory (DFT) adsorption energy (E) shows that the amorphous TiO increases the Dox loading activity of ULGNPs, with E=-3.85 eV, negatively higher than isolated ULGNPs (E=-2.87 eV) and TiO alone (E=-3.61 eV). This drug carrier design has the potential to revolutionize anti-cancer treatment.
近年来，改善抗癌治疗药物递送的药学性质变得越来越重要。这对于应对与吸收、分布和稳定性相关的挑战是必要的。一种潜在的解决方法是将药物附着于载体系统，如功能性贵金属纳米材料，以改善药物释放的控制和稳定性。具有各向异性形态的核-壳纳米粒子（CSN）因其大表面积、卓越的稳定性和生物相容性，在靶向药物递送和癌症治疗方面具有巨大潜力。我们采用一种简单的种子介导方法，使用种子溶液、硝酸银和抗坏血酸，合成了具有高纵横比和由49纳米大小分支组成的密集网络的海胆状金纳米粒子（ULGNPs）。ULGNPs在无表面活性剂的情况下合成，然后用非晶态TiO的薄层进行包封（ULGNPs@TiO），平均总体尺寸为136±15纳米，TiO层厚度为27.5纳米。选择阿霉素（Dox）作为模型药物，以评估ULGNPs@TiO核-壳纳米粒子的载药能力。结果显示，在pH值为5时，阿霉素的负载率为86.5%，释放率为72.3%。使用WST-1检测法，在乳腺癌MCF-7细胞中精心评估了ULGNPs@TiO-Dox的抗癌能力。结果显示，在低浓度（5 ppm）下，与游离阿霉素的89.6%相比，ULGNPs@TiO-Dox在MCF-7细胞中表现出约92%的毒性。基于用阿霉素负载ULGNPs@TiO的模拟结果，观察到一种结构，除了六层TiO（100）层外，还包含五层Au（111），其中底部三层固定，顶部两层松弛，使用Grimme的DFT-D3色散校正进行了分析（方案1）。密度泛函理论（DFT）吸附能（E）表明，非晶态TiO提高了ULGNPs对阿霉素的负载活性，E = -3.85 eV，负性高于孤立的ULGNPs（E = -2.87 eV）和单独的TiO（E = -3.61 eV）。这种药物载体设计有可能彻底改变抗癌治疗。
