School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2024 Sep 27;24(1):1141. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11608-6.
Telehealth uses Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in distance health-related activities between professionals, managers, and patients of health services. This cross-sectional study compared the ICT infrastructure available in Brazilian Basic Health Units (BHU) for telehealth actions, along with evaluation cycles of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB).
Data from the second and third cycles of the PMAQ-AB were used. A total of 22,021 BHUs were evaluated concerning the availability of computers, cameras, stereo boxes, microphones, printers, television, and internet available. The presence of each ICT equipment assigned a score to each BHU. The sum of these scores assigned a final score to the BHU and was used for comparison among different Brazilian regions. The data were analyzed descriptively and by Wilcoxon test (p ≤ 0.05) using SPSS v. 25.
The increase in the median number of ICT equipment was statistically significant in the BHU in Brazil and the Brazilian regions (p < 0.001). The South, Southeast, and Midwest regions had the highest median scores in both cycles.
The availability of ICT equipment for telehealth actions in BHU improved over the PMAQ-AB cycles, with differences in the ICT structure between Brazilian regions.
远程医疗利用信息和通信技术（ICT）在卫生服务专业人员、管理人员和患者之间开展远程卫生相关活动。本横断面研究比较了巴西基础卫生单位（BHU）中用于远程医疗行动的 ICT 基础设施，以及改善初级保健服务获取和质量国家计划（PMAQ-AB）的评估周期。
使用了 PMAQ-AB 的第二和第三周期的数据。共评估了 22021 个 BHU 计算机、摄像头、立体声音箱、麦克风、打印机、电视和互联网的可用性。为每个 BHU 配备的每个 ICT 设备的存在分配了一个分数。这些分数的总和为 BHU 分配了一个最终分数，并用于比较巴西不同地区之间的差异。使用 SPSS v. 25 进行描述性和 Wilcoxon 检验（p≤0.05）分析数据。
BHU 中 ICT 设备数量的中位数增加在巴西和巴西地区均具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。在两个周期中，南部、东南部和中西部地区的中位数得分最高。
在 PMAQ-AB 周期中，BHU 中用于远程医疗行动的 ICT 设备可用性有所提高，巴西地区的 ICT 结构存在差异。
