McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC H4H 1R3, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.
Biomolecules. 2024 Aug 30;14(9):1087. doi: 10.3390/biom14091087.
The extracellular matrix plays a key role in synapse formation and in the modulation of synaptic function in the central nervous system. Recent investigations have revealed that microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, are involved in extracellular matrix remodeling under both physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, the dysregulation of both innate immune responses and the extracellular matrix has been documented in stress-related psychopathologies as well as in relation to early-life stress. However, the dynamics of microglial regulation of the ECM and how it can be impacted by early-life adversity have been understudied. This brief review provides an overview of the recent literature on this topic, drawing from both animal model and human post mortem studies. Direct and indirect mechanisms through which microglia may regulate the extracellular matrix-including perineuronal nets-are presented and discussed in light of the interactions with other cell types.
细胞外基质在突触形成和中枢神经系统中突触功能的调节中起着关键作用。最近的研究表明，小胶质细胞作为大脑的常驻免疫细胞，在生理和病理条件下都参与细胞外基质的重塑。此外，应激相关精神病理学以及与早期生活压力有关的疾病中，先天免疫反应和细胞外基质的失调已经有了相关记录。然而，小胶质细胞对细胞外基质的调节动力学以及它如何受到早期生活逆境的影响，还研究得不够充分。这篇简要综述提供了该主题的最新文献综述，参考了动物模型和人类死后研究。本文介绍并讨论了小胶质细胞可能调节细胞外基质的直接和间接机制，包括围绕神经元周围的网络，并结合与其他细胞类型的相互作用进行了讨论。
