Luang-In Vijitra, Saengha Worachot, Karirat Thipphiya, Senakun Chadaporn, Siriamornpun Sirithon
Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand.
Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand.
Foods. 2024 Sep 15;13(18):2928. doi: 10.3390/foods13182928.
Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer in Thailand, prompting the search for alternative or preventive treatments using natural constituents. In this study, the authors employed hydrodistillation to extract (DC.) Stapf (lemongrass) essential oil (LEO) from plants in northeastern Thailand and assessed its chemical profile, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. The LEO displayed potent antioxidant activities in DPPH and hydroxyl scavenging assays with IC values of 2.58 ± 0.08 and 4.05 ± 0.12 mg/mL, respectively, and demonstrated antimicrobial activities against , , , and at 8-10 µg/mL. At 48 h, the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed the LEO exhibiting low cell viability (3%) at concentrations of 200-400 µg/mL, with an IC value of 82.46 ± 1.73 µg/mL, while in the clonogenic assay it exhibited a lower IC value of 23.11 ± 1.80 µg/mL. The GC-MS analysis identified citral (79.24%) consisting of 44.52% geranial and 34.72% neral, and β-myrcene (5.56%). The addition of LEO significantly influenced apoptotic genes (, , , and ) and proteins, as indicated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot studies. Results suggested that LEO initiated apoptosis through intrinsic pathways and demonstrated potential as a chemopreventive, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agent with substantial health advantages.
结直肠癌是泰国第三大常见癌症，这促使人们寻找使用天然成分的替代或预防性治疗方法。在本研究中，作者采用水蒸馏法从泰国东北部的植物中提取了柠檬草（Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf）精油（LEO），并评估了其化学组成、抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌特性。LEO在DPPH和羟基清除试验中显示出强大的抗氧化活性，IC值分别为2.58±0.08和4.05±0.12 mg/mL，并在8 - 10 µg/mL浓度下对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和白色念珠菌表现出抗菌活性。在48小时时，3 - [4,5 - 二甲基噻唑 - 2 - 基] - 2,5 - 二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）试验表明，LEO在200 - 400 µg/mL浓度下细胞活力较低（3%），IC值为82.46±1.73 µg/mL，而在克隆形成试验中其IC值较低，为23.11±1.80 µg/mL。气相色谱 - 质谱（GC - MS）分析确定柠檬醛（79.24%）由44.52%的香叶醛和34.72%的橙花醛组成，以及β - 月桂烯（5.56%）。实时聚合酶链反应（RT - PCR）和蛋白质印迹研究表明，添加LEO显著影响凋亡基因（Bax、Bak、Bad和Bid）和蛋白质。结果表明，LEO通过内在途径引发细胞凋亡，并显示出作为化学预防剂、抗菌剂和抗氧化剂的潜力，具有显著的健康益处。
