Polymorphism of Folate Metabolism Genes among Ethnic Kazakh Women with Preeclampsia in Kazakhstan: A Descriptive Study.

INTRODUCTION

Preeclampsia is a severe multifactorial complication of pregnancy. Studies found associations between folate metabolism genes' polymorphisms and preeclampsia. However, investigations in this field are limited among Asian populations. Thus, the study's aim was to evaluate the prevalence of methionine synthase (), methionine synthase reductase (, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase () genes' polymorphisms among ethnic Kazakh women with preeclampsia.

METHODS

This was a retrospective study involving 4246 patients' data for the period of 2018-2022. Identification of , , and genes' polymorphism was performed via PR-PCR. Peripheral blood samples were obtained for the analyses. In total, 4246 patients' data of Kazakh ethnicity with preeclampsia at >20 weeks gestational age who had undergone an investigation to identify polymorphisms of the folate metabolism pathway genes for the period of 5 years were included in this study.

RESULTS

The most common and prevalent mutation was the polymorphism: 24.5% of all tested patients with preeclampsia had the polymorphism. It was highest among the 35-39 age group participants. The second most prevalent was the polymorphism: 9% of women with preeclampsia had the mutation. It was highest among women aged 30-34. There was a rare association of the mutation with preeclampsia among the study participants.

CONCLUSIONS

The identified levels of and polymorphisms among the study participants suggest the importance of evaluating and polymorphisms in women with preeclampsia. The role of the polymorphism in the development of preeclampsia needs to be further investigated.