Li Jinmeng, Tian Xu, Hsiang Tom, Yang Yuting, Shi Caihua, Wang Hancheng, Li Wenhong
College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, China.
Insects. 2024 Sep 21;15(9):727. doi: 10.3390/insects15090727.
The predatory stink bug, (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an important and valuable natural enemy of insect pests in their ecosystems. While insects are known to harbor symbiotic microorganisms, and these microbial symbionts play a crucial role in various aspects of the host's biology, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the microbiota present in the venom glands of . This study investigated the venom glands of adult bugs using both traditional in vitro isolation and cultural methods, as well as Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. Additionally, the carbon metabolism of the venom gland's microorganisms was analyzed using Biolog ECO metabolic phenotyping technology. The results showed 10 different culturable bacteria where the dominant ones were spp. and . With high-throughput sequencing, the main bacterial phyla in the microbial community of the venom glands of were Proteobacteria (78.1%) and Firmicutes (20.3%), with the dominant bacterial genera being , , , and . At the fungal community level, Ascomycota accounted for the largest proportion (64.1%), followed by Basidiomycota (27.6%), with , , , , , and as the most highly represented fungal genera. The bacterial and fungal community structure of the venom glands of exhibited high species richness and diversity, along with a strong metabolism of 22 carbon sources. Functional prediction indicated that the primary dominant function of venom-gland bacteria was metabolism. The dominant eco-functional groups of the fungal community included undefined saprotroph, fungal parasite-undefined saprotroph, unassigned, endophyte-plant pathogen, plant pathogen-soil saprotroph-wood saprotroph, animal pathogen-endophyte-plant pathogen-wood saprotroph, plant pathogen, and animal pathogen-endophyte-epiphyte-plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph. These results provide a comprehensive characterization of the venom-gland microbiota of and demonstrate the stability (over one week) of the microbial community within the venom glands. This study represents the first report on the characterization of microbial composition from the venom glands of captive-reared individuals. The insights gained from this study are invaluable for future investigations into 's development and the possible interactions between 's microbiota and some Lepidopteran pests.
捕食性椿象（半翅目：蝽科）是其生态系统中重要且有价值的害虫天敌。虽然已知昆虫体内携带着共生微生物，且这些微生物共生体在宿主生物学的各个方面都起着关键作用，但关于捕食性椿象毒腺中存在的微生物群的了解却很少。本研究采用传统的体外分离培养方法以及Illumina高通量测序技术，对成年椿象的毒腺进行了研究。此外，还使用Biolog ECO代谢表型分析技术分析了毒腺微生物的碳代谢情况。结果显示有10种不同的可培养细菌，其中优势菌为[具体菌名1]属和[具体菌名2]属。通过高通量测序，捕食性椿象毒腺微生物群落中的主要细菌门为变形菌门（78.1%）和厚壁菌门（20.3%），优势细菌属为[具体属名1]、[具体属名2]、[具体属名3]和[具体属名4]。在真菌群落水平上，子囊菌门占比最大（64.1%），其次是担子菌门（27.6%），[具体真菌属名1]、[具体真菌属名2]、[具体真菌属名3]、[具体真菌属名4]、[具体真菌属名5]和[具体真菌属名6]是最具代表性的真菌属。捕食性椿象毒腺的细菌和真菌群落结构表现出高物种丰富度和多样性，同时对22种碳源有较强的代谢能力。功能预测表明，捕食性椿象毒腺细菌的主要优势功能是代谢。真菌群落的主要生态功能组包括未定义的腐生菌、真菌寄生虫 - 未定义的腐生菌、未分类、内生菌 - 植物病原体、植物病原体 - 土壤腐生菌 - 木材腐生菌、动物病原体 - 内生菌 - 植物病原体 - 木材腐生菌、植物病原体以及动物病原体 - 内生菌 - 附生植物 - 植物病原体 - 未定义的腐生菌。这些结果全面描述了捕食性椿象的毒腺微生物群，并证明了毒腺内微生物群落的稳定性（超过一周）。本研究是关于圈养捕食性椿象个体毒腺微生物组成特征的首次报道。本研究获得的见解对于未来对捕食性椿象发育以及其微生物群与一些鳞翅目害虫之间可能相互作用的研究具有重要价值。
