Centre for Transforming Early Education and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith Campus, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia.
Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Aug 29;21(9):1147. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21091147.
This study evaluated the associations between positive and adverse experiences and environments in adolescence and health, education and employment outcomes in early adulthood. Data were extracted from the Longitudinal Studies of Australian Youth cohort that commenced in 2003. The items were conceptually mapped to Positive and Adverse Youth Experiences and environments (PYEs and AYEs) at 15, 16 and 17 years old and outcomes at 25 years old. The associations between PYEs, AYEs and general health, mental health, education and employment were examined, including testing whether PYEs mitigated the association between AYEs and outcomes. A higher number of AYEs was associated with poorer health, education, and employment outcomes. Conversely, a higher number of PYEs was correlated with positive outcomes. The participants with higher PYEs had significantly greater odds of better general and mental health outcomes, even after accounting for AYEs. This relationship was not observed for employment or education outcomes. Adolescence and the transition to adulthood are critical developmental stages. Reducing adverse experiences and environments and increasing positive ones during adolescence could enhance adult wellbeing.
本研究评估了青少年时期积极和消极的经历与环境，以及成年早期健康、教育和就业结果之间的关系。数据取自于 2003 年开始的澳大利亚青年纵向研究队列。这些项目在 15、16 和 17 岁时被概念性地映射到积极和消极的青年经历与环境（PYEs 和 AYEs）上，并在 25 岁时评估结果。研究考察了 PYEs、AYEs 与总体健康、心理健康、教育和就业之间的关联，包括检验 PYEs 是否缓解了 AYEs 与结果之间的关联。更多的 AYEs 与较差的健康、教育和就业结果相关。相反，更多的 PYEs 与积极的结果相关。即使考虑到 AYEs，拥有更多 PYEs 的参与者也有更好的一般和心理健康结果的显著更高几率。这种关系在就业或教育结果方面没有观察到。青少年时期和向成年期的过渡是关键的发展阶段。在青少年时期减少不良经历和环境，增加积极经历，可能会增强成年人的幸福感。
