Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Sep 1;21(9):1162. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21091162.
After the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011, a large-scale ultrasound examination of childhood thyroid cancer for all Fukushima residents aged 18 years old or younger was initiated. Fukushima was divided into four areas according to the external radioactivity released by the accident: the highest (A), high-intermediate (B), low-intermediate (C), and the lowest (D). Five rounds of surveys were carried out from October 2011 to March 2023. The annual incidence rates of the "Common Case" not affected by the accident were able to be estimated. The difference between the incidence rate of whole patients and the "Common Case" is that of the "Radiation-induced Case". The annual incidence rate of the "Radiation-induced Case" began to increase immediately after the accident, where the highest level was seen in A area, and the order was A > B > C > D. It showed that the development of childhood thyroid cancer was affected by the radiation released by the accident. The effect of the radiation consisted of two phases: the first phase may have been due to the damage to the immune system, and the second phase may have been due to the genetic mutation in the children who were youngest at the time of the accident.
2011 年 3 月福岛核事故后，对所有福岛县 18 岁及以下居民启动了大规模的儿童甲状腺癌超声检查。福岛县根据事故释放的外部放射性物质，分为四个区域：最高（A）、高-中级（B）、低-中级（C）和最低（D）。从 2011 年 10 月到 2023 年 3 月，进行了五轮调查。能够估算出不受事故影响的“普通病例”的年度发病率。所有患者的发病率与“普通病例”的差异在于“辐射诱发病例”。“辐射诱发病例”的年度发病率在事故发生后立即开始增加，其中 A 区的水平最高，顺序为 A>B>C>D。这表明儿童甲状腺癌的发生受到了事故释放的辐射的影响。辐射的影响包括两个阶段：第一阶段可能是由于免疫系统受损，第二阶段可能是由于事故发生时年龄最小的儿童发生了基因突变。
