Salmen Teodor, Pietrosel Valeria-Anca, Reurean-Pintilei Delia, Iancu Mihaela Adela, Cimpeanu Radu Cristian, Bica Ioana-Cristina, Dumitriu-Stan Roxana-Ioana, Potcovaru Claudia-Gabriela, Salmen Bianca-Margareta, Diaconu Camelia-Cristina, Cretoiu Sanda Maria, Stoian Anca Pantea
Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
DiabetMed Clinic, 052034 Bucharest, Romania.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Sep 23;17(9):1249. doi: 10.3390/ph17091249.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share a bidirectional link, and the innovative antidiabetic molecules GLP-1 Ras and SGLT-2is have proven cardiac and renal benefits, respectively. This study aimed to evaluate CV risk categories, along with lipid-lowering and antidiabetic treatments, in patients with T2DM from a real-life setting in Romania.
A cross-sectional evaluation was conducted on 405 consecutively admitted patients with T2DM in an ambulatory setting, assessing them according to the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines for moderate, high, and very high CV risk categories.
The average age of the group was 58 ± 9.96 years, with 38.5% being female. The mean HbA1C level was 7.2 ± 1.7%. Comorbidities included HBP in 88.1% of patients, with a mean SBP and DBP of 133.2 ± 13.7 mm Hg and 79.9 ± 9 mm Hg, respectively, and obesity in 66.41%, with a mean BMI of 33 ± 6.33 kg/m. The mean LDL-C levels varied by CV risk category: 90.1 ± 34.22 mg/dL in very high risk, 98.63 ± 33.26 mg/dL in high risk, and 105 ± 37.1 mg/dL in moderate risk. Prescribed treatments included metformin (100%), statins (77.5%), GLP-1 Ras (29.4%), and SGLT-2is (29.4%).
In Romania, patients with T2DM often achieve glycemic control targets but fail to meet composite targets that include glycemic, BP, and lipid control. Additionally, few patients benefit from innovative glucose-lowering therapies with proven cardio-renal benefits or from statins.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）与心血管疾病（CVD）存在双向关联，新型抗糖尿病分子胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂（GLP-1 Ras）和钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂（SGLT-2is）已分别证实对心脏和肾脏有益。本研究旨在评估罗马尼亚现实环境中T2DM患者的心血管风险类别以及降脂和抗糖尿病治疗情况。
对405例在门诊连续收治的T2DM患者进行横断面评估，根据2019年欧洲心脏病学会/欧洲动脉粥样硬化学会（ESC/EAS）指南对中度、高度和极高心血管风险类别进行评估。
该组患者的平均年龄为58±9.96岁，女性占38.5%。平均糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）水平为7.2±1.7%。合并症包括88.1%的患者患有高血压，平均收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）分别为133.2±13.7毫米汞柱和79.9±9毫米汞柱，66.41%的患者肥胖，平均体重指数（BMI）为33±6.33千克/平方米。平均低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平因心血管风险类别而异：极高风险患者为90.1±34.22毫克/分升，高风险患者为98.63±33.26毫克/分升，中度风险患者为105±37.1毫克/分升。规定的治疗方法包括二甲双胍（100%）、他汀类药物（77.5%）、GLP-1 Ras（29.4%）和SGLT-2is（29.4%）。
在罗马尼亚，T2DM患者通常能达到血糖控制目标，但未能实现包括血糖、血压和血脂控制在内的综合目标。此外，很少有患者从已证实具有心肾益处的新型降糖疗法或他汀类药物中获益。
