Cruz Lesbia Gicel, Shen Fo-Ting, Chen Chiou-Pin, Chen Wen-Ching
International Master Program in Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
Microorganisms. 2024 Aug 29;12(9):1790. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12091790.
Soils are the largest reservoir of microplastics (MPs) on earth. Since MPs can remain in soils for a very long time, their effects are magnified. In this study, different concentrations of polyethylene (PE) MPs derived from commercial resins (0%, 1%, 7%, and 14%, represented as MP_0, MP_1, MP_7, and MP_14) were added to soils to assess the changes in the soils' chemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial communities during a 70-day incubation period. The results show that PE MP treatments with low concentrations differed from other treatments in terms of exchangeable Ca and Mg, whereas at high concentrations, the pH and availability of phosphate ions differed. Fluorescein diacetate (FDA), acid phosphatase (ACP), and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) enzyme activities exhibited a dose-related trend with the addition of the PE MPs; however, the average FDA and ACP activities were significantly affected only by MP_14. Changes in the microbial communities were observed at both the phylum and family levels with all PE MP treatments. It was revealed that even a low dosage of PE MPs in soils can affect the functional microbes, and a greater impact is observed on those that can survive in polluted environments with limited resources.
土壤是地球上最大的微塑料（MPs）储存库。由于微塑料能在土壤中留存很长时间，其影响会被放大。在本研究中，将不同浓度的源自商业树脂的聚乙烯（PE）微塑料（0%、1%、7%和14%，分别表示为MP_0、MP_1、MP_7和MP_14）添加到土壤中，以评估在70天的培养期内土壤化学性质、酶活性和细菌群落的变化。结果表明，低浓度的PE微塑料处理在可交换钙和镁方面与其他处理不同，而在高浓度时，pH值和磷酸根离子有效性存在差异。添加PE微塑料后，荧光素二乙酸酯（FDA）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和N - 乙酰 - β - D - 氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）的酶活性呈现剂量相关趋势；然而，平均FDA和ACP活性仅受到MP_14的显著影响。所有PE微塑料处理在门和科水平上均观察到微生物群落的变化。结果表明，即使土壤中低剂量的PE微塑料也会影响功能微生物，对那些能在资源有限的污染环境中生存的微生物影响更大。
